The watermelon in the greenhouse is not ripe for high-yield and high-yield cultivation. It needs to use varieties such as precocious, disease-resistant, low-temperature-resistant and good-quality sweet king No.7 and 8424. In late December, the electric hotline is used to raise seedlings, and in the middle and late February of the next year, it is planted. 667 m2 planted about 1,750 plants, the average yield of 667 m2 was about 10 000 kg, and the output value was about 24,000 yuan. At present, it has been promoted and applied around 66.7 hm2 in Anhui Hexian County, and it is increasing year by year.
1 Selection of good varieties
Choose varieties that are precocious, disease-resistant, low-temperature resistant, and of good quality, such as Sweet King No. 7, 8424, etc.
2 sowing seedlings
Dry the seeds for 1 to 2 days before sowing, place them in warm water at 55 °C, soak seeds for 20-30 min under continuous stirring, then soak them for 4-6 h at room temperature, remove them and smash them with roving. The mucus on the surface of the seed is then sown. Seedling tray electrothermal hotbed seedlings (grafted seedlings are best used conditionally), seedbeds are prepared in advance, and the treated seeds are sown in the center of the trays in the late December, with a thickness of 1 - 1.5 cm. Membrane insulation moisturizing. The temperature of the seedling bed before emergence is controlled at 30-35 °C during the day and 18-20 °C at night; about 80% of the seedlings are released after filming, temperature is controlled at 20-25 °C during the day, 18-20 °C at night; Appropriately increase the bed temperature; the seedling should be gradually cooled down gradually one week before planting. During the nursery period, generally do not water or pour small water according to the situation, keep the substrate dry and see wet, should see as much light as possible, the seedling age is generally 40-50 days.
3 Fertilization
Use greenhouses that have not been planted with melons, simmer as early as possible before winter and carry out deep ploughing and freezing hoes, and start ploughing in spring, combined with land preparation, 1,500 m2 of septic soil per 667 m2 or high-quality commercial organic fertilizer 500 kg, 100 kg of decomposed cake fertilizer, 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 30 kg of superphosphate.
4 Ditching
The soil in the shed is squashed and flattened, and the width is 120-140 cm, the width of the groove is 20-30 cm, and the depth of the ditch is 30 cm.
5 timely colonization
In the middle and late February of the next year, I chose to plant in sunny days, 2 rows per raft, 15 to 20 cm from the edge of the raft, and the planting distance was 50 cm, and 1 750 plants were planted at 667 m2. After planting, the root water is poured in time and the root hole is cut. A micro-irrigation zone is laid in the raft, covered with no dripping mulch and placed in time, and then covered with small arch shed and insulated straw or non-woven fabric.
6 Production Management
6.1 Temperature and Humidity Management
After planting, close the shed in the greenhouse for 4 to 5 days. After the seedlings are slowed down, implement proper temperature management by venting the night cover and the outer shed for the inner shed covering, keeping the daytime 25-30 °C and the night not lower than 15 °C. Pay attention to the weather changes and prevent cold weather. By the beginning of April, when the temperature outside the shed is stable above 20 °C, the small arch shed is removed, and combined with temperature management, especially after topdressing and watering, timely ventilation and drainage.
6.2 Light adjustment
After planting, during the period covered by the inner shed, it should be as much light as possible. Even in rainy days, the inner shed should be properly opened and exposed to limited light. After hanging the vines, the vines should be dredged in time and the useless side branches and old and diseased leaves should be cut off.
6.3 Plant adjustment
Take the main vine as the melon vine, and extend the vine about 30 cm to choose a healthy side vine for the nutrient vine, and hang it first, the main vine is led to the other side of the glutinous surface to climb the ground, the middle vine is pressed once, the main vine After sitting on the melon, lift the part above the melon section on the other side of the dough. The main vines are 10-12 knots after the melon, and the vines are topped in the 14-16 knots. Remove other side vines in time for the vine operation.
6.4 Retaining melons for marking
Each plant is selected from the first or third female flower in the first verse of the main vine, and the artificial pollination is carried out from 7:00 to 9:00 on the flowering day. One melon is kept, and the small sign indicating the pollination date is hoisted in time. . After the melon is set, the other female flowers should be removed as soon as possible. After the melon is inflated, use the hay tray to cover the bottom of the melon as soon as possible.
6.5 Water and fertilizer management
After the melon seedlings survive, choose 667 m2 for sunny day 667 m2 with ternary compound fertilizer 7-10 kg or potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4-5 kg ​​for lightly picking up the seedling fertilizer; when the melon is set to the fist, choose 667 m2 for sunny days. Use ternary compound fertilizer 10 - 15 kg to chase 1 time of expanded melon fertilizer; after the size of the melon is set, nitrogen fertilizer and watering should be strictly controlled. Before and after flowering and fruit setting, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and 0.2% boron fertilizer solution can be sprayed on the foliar surface for 1 to 2 times. In the late stage of melon expansion, the 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be sprayed with the pest control.
6.6 Pest Control
Pay attention to the prevention of blight and aphids and whitefly.
7 Harvest at the right time
Generally, 40 to 50 days after melon pollination, the maturity is identified according to the signage record. After the maturity is determined, the same batch of melons will be harvested and listed in time, and the output of 667 m2 is generally above 10 000 kg.
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