Non-polluting Hericium erinaceus cultivation techniques

First, the venue selection. Select a good environment, good water quality, no toxic and harmful gases, 300 meters around the ground without a variety of sewage and other sources of pollution and in line with NY5010 environment-friendly cultivation requirements. Second, the cultivation season. In late September of that year - early January. Third, ingredients and bottling (bags) 1, culture ingredients formula. 1 55% cotton seed hull, 10% wheat bran, sawdust, rice bran, 7% corn flour, 5% cotton seed cake, 2% superphosphate, 1% plaster; 2 55% corn cob residue, wheat bran, sawdust, rice bran 10%, corn flour, cottonseed cake 7%, gypsum 1%; 3 corncob slag 30%, cottonseed husk 25%, wheat bran, sawdust, rice bran 10% each, corn flour, cottonseed cake 7%, gypsum 1% ; Condiment to moisture content 65%, pH5-6. 2, the bottle (bag). The cottonseed hulls were pre-wetted with the same amount of water, then added to other culture materials and mixed well, and filled with 750 ml bacteria seed bottles or 14 cm 27 cm 0.0045 cm polypropylene plastic bags. The material surface is pressed flat and the interior is slightly loose. The charge must be completed within 6 hours. Fourth, sterilization and inoculation 1, sterilization. High pressure (125 °C) sterilization 2 hours or normal pressure (100 °C) sterilization 10-12 hours. 2. Inoculation. When the material temperature is cooled below 28°C, the bottle (bag) material is placed in an inoculation box or a sterile room. Put appropriate amount of disinfectant in the inoculation box or sterile room, close and fumigation for 0.5 hours; inoculate 50 bottles or 35 bottles per bottle. Fifth, hyphae culture 1, training room. It should be sterilized frequently to make it clean, dry, ventilated, and shading. 2, training methods. (1) Bottles: stacked on a wall with no more than 15 bottles. (2) Bag planting: The inoculation surface is double stacked. 3, training management. The temperature of the bacteria chamber is 22-25°C, and the relative humidity of the air is 65%-70%; the shade is shaded by the straw curtain and the shade net to make the bacteria chamber basically dark; the doors and windows are opened for ventilation and keep the air fresh; Turn over and inspect once, and remove badly cultivated bottles (bags) in time. 4, training time. After 20-25 days of incubation in the room, the mycelium extends into the material 1/2 - 2/3. Six, uncover, ring 1, bottle planting. When the mycelium was over 1/3-2/3, the kraft paper was removed from the bottle. 2, bags planted. When the mycelium is over 1/2 of the bacteria bag, open the bag with a collar with a diameter of about 5 cm and stick it to the material surface. Then stack the cultivation bag on the wall and stack no more than 7 pilings. Seven, fruiting management. Mushroom should be disinfected to achieve clean, ventilated, scattered light; mushrooming temperature is 12-18 ° C; using ground watering, space spray, to maintain the mushroom room air humidity 90%, fruiting body growth stage, maintained at about 85%; Ensure that there is scattered light, induce the formation of primordium; keep fresh mushroom room air, hanging curtains on doors and windows, prevent wind from blowing straight. Eight, harvest. Bacterial thorns were within 0.5-1 cm, and they were harvested before the spores were shot. Picking method: insert the material surface from the edge of the fruit body with a cutting knife, cut along the material surface, remove the impurities, and sort according to the specifications. After the harvest, remove the material surface impurities and stop the water and keep the bacteria for 2-3 days, and then follow the mushrooming requirements management. Nine, pests and diseases prevention and control 1, prevention and control principles: prevention, strict control of chemical control. 2. Prevention of major diseases: The main diseases are molds (Mucor, Neurospora, Trichoderma, Aspergillus flavus) and bacterial base rot. Prevention methods: Strictly check the provenances; keep the environment clean; find the disease in time to remove it and perform harmless treatment; use of chemical pesticides is prohibited during fruiting. 3, the main pest control: The main insect pests are mushrooms, mushrooms, mosquitoes. Prevention methods: digging trenches around the site, installing screen doors and windows in mushroom houses to prevent pests, and prohibiting the use of chemical pesticides. China Agricultural Network Editor

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