At present, there are more and more small-scale pig farms in rural areas. To make small-scale pig farms more efficient, they must strictly abide by scientific management procedures for scientific feeding. The author has summarized seven references for small-scale pig farms based on years of feeding experience.
One must raise lean meat varieties. At present, the overall requirements of the hog commodity market are mainly high-quality, high-cost, lean-type pigs, where pure-breed lean boars are crossed with local sows to form binary and ternary hybrid pigs. In general, the binary lean meat ratio is 51%, the lean meat ratio of the three-way hybrid is 58%, 13% to 20% higher than the local pig, and the fattening period can be shortened by 70 to 80 days.
Second, the appropriate breeding scale. The first is the scale of self-cultivation and self-cultivation. The number of basic sows is about 100, and about 1,600 commercial pigs are slaughtered each year. The second is the scale of piglet fattening. About 1,600 commercial pigs are slaughtered each year. The third is the scale of breeding piglets, and the number of basic sows is about 100.
Third, the appropriate breeding density. The small pig farms have a small space. The owners of the pig farms tend to have higher breeding stocks for higher profits. The normal rearing density is 0.7 square meters per weaned piglet, 1.2 square meters per finishing pig, and 10 to 15 heads per group. If it is lower than this standard, it is easy to cause poor air quality in the pig house and frequent respiratory diseases.
Fourth, we must optimize feeding and management. In order to achieve the goal of lean-type production, the optimization of feeding and management is the key, and the key is to “promote, control, and increaseâ€. "Improve" is: in the early stage of growth, sufficient amount of feed energy feed, promote meat, bone growth, mainly in the main content of starch such as sweet potatoes, corn, feed, mixed with high protein feed, with particular attention to adequate protein feed supply. Because the protein in pig lean meat is as high as 21%, the main reason is the conversion of crude protein in feed. Therefore, in the growth process of pigs, appropriate amount of protein feed should be fed in stages. The weight of the previous pigs was 20-45 kg and the feed protein content was about 20%. Mid-term pigs weigh 45 to 70 kilograms, and it is better to feed 16% protein. The latter period is no less than 14%, and the whole is 4% to 10% higher than the protein of the fat-type pig feed. The "secondary control" is: In the later growth period, the amount of energy feed is suppressed, and generally it does not exceed 85% of the total food intake. Controlling fat deposition can increase the lean meat content. "Three Pluss" is: Appropriate and reasonable use of additives. Some users use additives excessively, resulting in low efficiency and waste. Eucommia powder can promote muscle fiber development, so that the meat is delicious, the general amount of 0.2% to 0.3% is appropriate; humic acid inhibits late fat deposition in pigs, the general maximum dose should not exceed 0.6%.
Fifth, we must provide a suitable environment. The growth of lean-type pigs requires that the most suitable external temperature should be between 18 and 21°C. The temperature is too high, the feed intake will decline, and the daily gain will be slow. Therefore, measures such as shading, water spray, ventilation and ventilation should be taken in summer, and measures should be taken in winter, such as temperature sheltering, wind blocking, and temperature increase, so as to form an appropriate temperature to promote fat production and prevent protein deposition.
Sixth, we must strengthen the prevention and control of epidemics. For small pig farms, standardization and scientific immunization are very important. Mainly to achieve four norms: First, regulate the facilities and equipment, adhere to the scientific design, scientific prevention as the main; second is to standardize the epidemic prevention program, adhere to the regular epidemic prevention; the third is to regulate the pig disease prevention, adherence to self-professional self-diagnosis; four is the specification Stricken disease prevention, adhere to the whole into the whole, off-site transactions and after-sales disinfection. At the same time, we must adopt scientific methods of disinfection, not only to regularly disinfect, use enough doses, but also a variety of disinfectants, bactericidal and bactericidal disinfectants used alternately in order to achieve the purpose of eliminating a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. UV disinfection should be used conditionally. Idlers and cats, dogs, and rodents should also be strictly prohibited.
Seventh, we must choose the best slaughter period. The best slaughter period can create the highest efficiency for raising pigs. Timely slaughter, usually about 3 months old, and more than the actual weight prevail. Frequently, 80 to 85 kg of binary pigs are used, and 85 to 90 kg of Sanyuan pigs are preferred, and the benefits of feeding are too early or too late.
Medical Cotton Swabs,Sterilized Medical Cotton Swabs,Disposable Medical Cotton Swabs,Single Use Medical Cotton Swabs
Henan Xianghe Medical Materials Co., Ltd. , https://www.xiangheweicai.com