In the same region, the same season and the same equipment, the results of many nursery plants show a wide disparity. The success of unicellular algae cultivation plays a key role. Due to the large amount of muddy nursery ponds and long seasons, and the high temperature seasons in the middle and later periods, how to ensure that the algae species are not aging, non-polluting and maintain a stable supply is the main point of single-cell algae cultivation in the productive breeding of loach.
By screening, contrasting and summarizing the experience of single-cell algae cultivation in successful nursery plants, we can discover single-cell algae cultivation and production techniques in present-day loach seedlings, shrimp and crab seed production, and production of scallops and mussels, and early muddyness. The single-cell algae production process in seed production has been significantly improved. The latter basically follows the pattern of textbooks: selection of algae species, primary closed culture, secondary lagoon relay culture, and tertiary pool expansion culture; seawater for cultivation is first treated with bleaching powder in a disinfectant pool and neutralized with sodium thiosulfate; The culture pool is cleaned with potassium permanganate and disinfected with seawater; the algae cultivated in the first stage are connected to the relay pool and algae liquid cultured by the relay is used to inoculate the expanded culture ponds; the inoculation water level is generally 5-20 cm, daily Or add water and fertilize every other day, and stir the algae with a stirring stick.
The new process has increased the amount of first-grade culture, omitting the secondary lagoon relay culture, replacing it with polyethylene plastic film bag inflation and 50L polypropylene milk plastic bucket commonly known as "milk bucket" cover inflatable culture. The tertiary pool culture uses the original pool disinfection, high water level light illumination aerated cultivation.
Let us now look at the production process of a single cell algae cultivation process in the production of loach production.
Algae species maintenance The main single-cell algae cultured in loach seedlings are: Isochrysis galbana, Forkweed algae, Tahitian golden algae, Chaetoceros, Platymonas and so on. The preservation of the species generally uses a 500-3000 mL Erlenmeyer flask culture, isolation of the chamber, not connected with other workplaces, natural lighting plus fluorescent lighting at night, and still water culture, shaking for 2 or 3 times a day, active algal fluid.
The first-grade culture vessel uses a 5000 mL conical flask and a 10,000-20000 mL fine-mouth glass bottle. At present, the use of a transparent drinking water bottle (approximately 18,000 mL) is more popular. The latter is light weight, crash-resistant, light transmissive, easy to clean, but not resistant to strong acids and alkalis and high temperatures. In the first-stage culture, hydrostatic culture is generally used, and shaking is performed at regular intervals. Particle gas aeration culture can also be used. The cultivation speed of the latter is obviously accelerated, but it is easy to cause primary pollution. Hydrostatic culture can be repeatedly inoculated to the next level of culture, inflatable culture generally inoculated to the lower level after 3 to 5 times should be updated to prevent contamination.
Algae expansion cultures mostly use a separate scaffolding structure. The glass fiber reinforced plastic tile roof is covered with no wall around, and the ventilation and lighting are excellent. It is possible to surround the fabric curtains to avoid direct sunlight and wind and rain. The algae species were cultured using 30L of effective water 25L polyethylene plastic film bag necking hanging aeration culture or 50L polypropylene milky white plastic barrels inflated with a film. The culture water is boiled and sterilized. After the inoculation, the film bags can be inoculated for 3 to 5 days and plastic barrels for 5 to 7 days. The expanded algae can be inoculated 2 to 3 times to the big pool, and then the algae should be regenerated from the first level to prevent pollution and algae aging.
Large pool culture (productive culture)
In the algae room tile pool or cement pool and a small number of nursery ponds, the new algae culture ponds of the new nursery plant replace the early tile pools with ordinary cement ponds covered with white cement or paint, and partially replace them with transparent film tiles. Fiberglass to increase light.
There are two ways to treat seawater using the original pool disinfection method:
1. Disinfect the seawater with bleaching powder in a disinfectant pool, rinse with sterile seawater and pump it into a pre-cleaned algae culture pool to a predetermined water level. Neutralization with sodium thiosulfate can be performed after bleaching powder is applied for 6 to 8 hours. And after 5 to 6 hours after inoculation can be inoculated.
2. The seawater is directly injected into the algae culture pool to a predetermined water level, and a predetermined amount of bleaching powder is applied to the water according to the volume. After 20 minutes of inflation, the air is stopped and seawater is disinfected. After 6 to 8 hours, sodium thiosulfate equivalent to 40% to 50% by weight of bleaching powder is used for neutralization, and inoculation is carried out after large inflating for 5 to 6 hours.
The original pool disinfection aeration culture method no longer uses the stirring rod to turn the cultured algae, but uses the aeration method to move the algal fluid. Gas stones and trachea are boiled and sterilized before each inoculation. Gas distribution density is one per square meter.
The advantages of the original pool disinfection and aeration culture method are: reducing the polluted pathway, shortening the labor process, and accelerating the cultivation speed. The original pool disinfection is very effective for unicellular algae culture ponds, especially those where the tiles have been aged. Holes, crevices, and cracks on the pool floor of algae culture pools are the ideal hiding places for contaminated organisms. It is difficult to completely destroy these contaminants by performing surface disinfection in dried dehydration ponds for a short time. Once water is fed to cultivate unicellular algae, they also leak out, causing pollution. The soaking method of the original pool disinfection method allows the disinfected seawater to directly infiltrate these places and kill the contaminated organisms therein.
Single cell algae culture is performed using the original pool disinfectant aeration culture method. The initial water level is relatively high, generally 40-60 cm. If supplemented with high light and large inflation, it can be placed in 50-80 cm at one time, and the maximum is 1 m. Inoculation density: 50000 cells/mL of Chrysophyta, 20000 cells/mL Platymonas. The best water level is in place once, and it is generally not more than two times in fractions. After each use of the algae pool, wash with high-concentration bleaching disinfectant and wash the hoses, gas heads, and sinking stones completely, boil and sterilize, and re-insert them.
In this way, unicellular algae culture can be achieved, and the feeding density (120-200 million cells/mL) can be reached by the algae in 3 to 4 days, and the feeding density (3 to 8 million cells) can be achieved in 4 to 6 days. /mL).
Muddy breeding period lasts for several months. At present, many nursery factories have warmed up and cooked the pro-shelled oysters from March, elicited production in early April and began selling seedlings in May. In the later period of nursery, the time can be extended to October. In such a long span of time, how to ensure the normal cultivation of single-cell algae and adequate supply, in addition to reasonable production schedules and strict operating practices, algae regeneration, high-temperature season management, nutrient adaptation is a key concern three sides.
The update of algae species for regeneration of algae species refers to the first-level cultivation and expansion of single-cell algae species, especially the latter, which should be re-cultivated after several remaining inoculations to ensure the purity, freshness, and low pollution of algae species. . In addition, it is also necessary to change the temperature of single-celled algae, use medium-low temperature varieties in the early stage, and adopt high-temperature varieties in the middle and later stages.
High-temperature season management Single-cell algae cultivation enters the high-temperature season when the incubation water temperature reaches 28 to 29°C. Large changes in water quality, easy contamination, and rapid aging of the algae are characteristic of this season. The rapid aging of algae foam, sticky wall, agglomeration showed the most obvious. The water temperature above 28 to 29°C has exceeded the normal temperature for the cultivation of Chrysophyta and Platymonas, so it is normal for the algae to age rapidly. In addition to proper ventilation and light reduction, the method of shortening the cultivation time should mainly be adopted. In the high temperature season, the golden algae can reach the feeding density on the third day after inoculation, and the feeding time should not exceed the fifth day; Platymonas subtilis not more than one week. This prevents the algae bodies from being used for feeding after aging. Updates are the main points of unicellular algae cultivation in the high temperature season. Correspondingly, the application of nutrient solution should be reduced to 60% to 70% of the appropriate temperature period.
Nutrients are adapted to conventional production. For convenience, people often use a nutrient solution to fertilize a variety of unicellular algae. In fact, the amount of nutrients required for the cultivation of various unicellular algae is different. Under suitable conditions, the performance of such differences is not obvious. However, in the hot season, this difference will affect the growth of certain unicellular algae species.
Taking the example of golden algae and Platycladus Chrysosporium: in the high temperature season, the three basic nutrients for the nutrient mother liquor of the golden algae use the amounts of sodium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and iron citrate in amounts of 100 g, 5 g, 1 g per liter; The amount of Platycladus is 100g, 10g, 3g.
In addition, the application of nutrient solution for maintenance of algae species is high, and the primary culture and algae species expansion are medium quantities, and the large pool culture is low.
For a nursery with a seedling pool area of ​​500m2 (effective water body 700m3), the area of ​​single-cell algae culture pool should be 200-250m2 (effective water level is 1m); there should be 200 polypropylene milky white plastic barrels for effective expansion of algae species (effective water body 10000L). Or the corresponding water body of polyethylene plastic film bags; Algae species should be prepared with 50 polyester transparent drinking bucket (effective water 800L) or the corresponding water of the flask and the glass bottle; and algae maintenance of each species should be There is 20L stock.
By screening, contrasting and summarizing the experience of single-cell algae cultivation in successful nursery plants, we can discover single-cell algae cultivation and production techniques in present-day loach seedlings, shrimp and crab seed production, and production of scallops and mussels, and early muddyness. The single-cell algae production process in seed production has been significantly improved. The latter basically follows the pattern of textbooks: selection of algae species, primary closed culture, secondary lagoon relay culture, and tertiary pool expansion culture; seawater for cultivation is first treated with bleaching powder in a disinfectant pool and neutralized with sodium thiosulfate; The culture pool is cleaned with potassium permanganate and disinfected with seawater; the algae cultivated in the first stage are connected to the relay pool and algae liquid cultured by the relay is used to inoculate the expanded culture ponds; the inoculation water level is generally 5-20 cm, daily Or add water and fertilize every other day, and stir the algae with a stirring stick.
The new process has increased the amount of first-grade culture, omitting the secondary lagoon relay culture, replacing it with polyethylene plastic film bag inflation and 50L polypropylene milk plastic bucket commonly known as "milk bucket" cover inflatable culture. The tertiary pool culture uses the original pool disinfection, high water level light illumination aerated cultivation.
Let us now look at the production process of a single cell algae cultivation process in the production of loach production.
Algae species maintenance The main single-cell algae cultured in loach seedlings are: Isochrysis galbana, Forkweed algae, Tahitian golden algae, Chaetoceros, Platymonas and so on. The preservation of the species generally uses a 500-3000 mL Erlenmeyer flask culture, isolation of the chamber, not connected with other workplaces, natural lighting plus fluorescent lighting at night, and still water culture, shaking for 2 or 3 times a day, active algal fluid.
The first-grade culture vessel uses a 5000 mL conical flask and a 10,000-20000 mL fine-mouth glass bottle. At present, the use of a transparent drinking water bottle (approximately 18,000 mL) is more popular. The latter is light weight, crash-resistant, light transmissive, easy to clean, but not resistant to strong acids and alkalis and high temperatures. In the first-stage culture, hydrostatic culture is generally used, and shaking is performed at regular intervals. Particle gas aeration culture can also be used. The cultivation speed of the latter is obviously accelerated, but it is easy to cause primary pollution. Hydrostatic culture can be repeatedly inoculated to the next level of culture, inflatable culture generally inoculated to the lower level after 3 to 5 times should be updated to prevent contamination.
Algae expansion cultures mostly use a separate scaffolding structure. The glass fiber reinforced plastic tile roof is covered with no wall around, and the ventilation and lighting are excellent. It is possible to surround the fabric curtains to avoid direct sunlight and wind and rain. The algae species were cultured using 30L of effective water 25L polyethylene plastic film bag necking hanging aeration culture or 50L polypropylene milky white plastic barrels inflated with a film. The culture water is boiled and sterilized. After the inoculation, the film bags can be inoculated for 3 to 5 days and plastic barrels for 5 to 7 days. The expanded algae can be inoculated 2 to 3 times to the big pool, and then the algae should be regenerated from the first level to prevent pollution and algae aging.
Large pool culture (productive culture)
In the algae room tile pool or cement pool and a small number of nursery ponds, the new algae culture ponds of the new nursery plant replace the early tile pools with ordinary cement ponds covered with white cement or paint, and partially replace them with transparent film tiles. Fiberglass to increase light.
There are two ways to treat seawater using the original pool disinfection method:
1. Disinfect the seawater with bleaching powder in a disinfectant pool, rinse with sterile seawater and pump it into a pre-cleaned algae culture pool to a predetermined water level. Neutralization with sodium thiosulfate can be performed after bleaching powder is applied for 6 to 8 hours. And after 5 to 6 hours after inoculation can be inoculated.
2. The seawater is directly injected into the algae culture pool to a predetermined water level, and a predetermined amount of bleaching powder is applied to the water according to the volume. After 20 minutes of inflation, the air is stopped and seawater is disinfected. After 6 to 8 hours, sodium thiosulfate equivalent to 40% to 50% by weight of bleaching powder is used for neutralization, and inoculation is carried out after large inflating for 5 to 6 hours.
The original pool disinfection aeration culture method no longer uses the stirring rod to turn the cultured algae, but uses the aeration method to move the algal fluid. Gas stones and trachea are boiled and sterilized before each inoculation. Gas distribution density is one per square meter.
The advantages of the original pool disinfection and aeration culture method are: reducing the polluted pathway, shortening the labor process, and accelerating the cultivation speed. The original pool disinfection is very effective for unicellular algae culture ponds, especially those where the tiles have been aged. Holes, crevices, and cracks on the pool floor of algae culture pools are the ideal hiding places for contaminated organisms. It is difficult to completely destroy these contaminants by performing surface disinfection in dried dehydration ponds for a short time. Once water is fed to cultivate unicellular algae, they also leak out, causing pollution. The soaking method of the original pool disinfection method allows the disinfected seawater to directly infiltrate these places and kill the contaminated organisms therein.
Single cell algae culture is performed using the original pool disinfectant aeration culture method. The initial water level is relatively high, generally 40-60 cm. If supplemented with high light and large inflation, it can be placed in 50-80 cm at one time, and the maximum is 1 m. Inoculation density: 50000 cells/mL of Chrysophyta, 20000 cells/mL Platymonas. The best water level is in place once, and it is generally not more than two times in fractions. After each use of the algae pool, wash with high-concentration bleaching disinfectant and wash the hoses, gas heads, and sinking stones completely, boil and sterilize, and re-insert them.
In this way, unicellular algae culture can be achieved, and the feeding density (120-200 million cells/mL) can be reached by the algae in 3 to 4 days, and the feeding density (3 to 8 million cells) can be achieved in 4 to 6 days. /mL).
Muddy breeding period lasts for several months. At present, many nursery factories have warmed up and cooked the pro-shelled oysters from March, elicited production in early April and began selling seedlings in May. In the later period of nursery, the time can be extended to October. In such a long span of time, how to ensure the normal cultivation of single-cell algae and adequate supply, in addition to reasonable production schedules and strict operating practices, algae regeneration, high-temperature season management, nutrient adaptation is a key concern three sides.
The update of algae species for regeneration of algae species refers to the first-level cultivation and expansion of single-cell algae species, especially the latter, which should be re-cultivated after several remaining inoculations to ensure the purity, freshness, and low pollution of algae species. . In addition, it is also necessary to change the temperature of single-celled algae, use medium-low temperature varieties in the early stage, and adopt high-temperature varieties in the middle and later stages.
High-temperature season management Single-cell algae cultivation enters the high-temperature season when the incubation water temperature reaches 28 to 29°C. Large changes in water quality, easy contamination, and rapid aging of the algae are characteristic of this season. The rapid aging of algae foam, sticky wall, agglomeration showed the most obvious. The water temperature above 28 to 29°C has exceeded the normal temperature for the cultivation of Chrysophyta and Platymonas, so it is normal for the algae to age rapidly. In addition to proper ventilation and light reduction, the method of shortening the cultivation time should mainly be adopted. In the high temperature season, the golden algae can reach the feeding density on the third day after inoculation, and the feeding time should not exceed the fifth day; Platymonas subtilis not more than one week. This prevents the algae bodies from being used for feeding after aging. Updates are the main points of unicellular algae cultivation in the high temperature season. Correspondingly, the application of nutrient solution should be reduced to 60% to 70% of the appropriate temperature period.
Nutrients are adapted to conventional production. For convenience, people often use a nutrient solution to fertilize a variety of unicellular algae. In fact, the amount of nutrients required for the cultivation of various unicellular algae is different. Under suitable conditions, the performance of such differences is not obvious. However, in the hot season, this difference will affect the growth of certain unicellular algae species.
Taking the example of golden algae and Platycladus Chrysosporium: in the high temperature season, the three basic nutrients for the nutrient mother liquor of the golden algae use the amounts of sodium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and iron citrate in amounts of 100 g, 5 g, 1 g per liter; The amount of Platycladus is 100g, 10g, 3g.
In addition, the application of nutrient solution for maintenance of algae species is high, and the primary culture and algae species expansion are medium quantities, and the large pool culture is low.
For a nursery with a seedling pool area of ​​500m2 (effective water body 700m3), the area of ​​single-cell algae culture pool should be 200-250m2 (effective water level is 1m); there should be 200 polypropylene milky white plastic barrels for effective expansion of algae species (effective water body 10000L). Or the corresponding water body of polyethylene plastic film bags; Algae species should be prepared with 50 polyester transparent drinking bucket (effective water 800L) or the corresponding water of the flask and the glass bottle; and algae maintenance of each species should be There is 20L stock.