Spring vegetable seedlings are prone to diseases such as diseases and insect pests, phytotoxicity, fertilizer damage, and freezing injury. They should identify the reasons and take appropriate measures to prevent them.
The main causes of the disease are the former seedbed soil, the incomplete disinfection of the nutrient soil or the incomplete disinfection, the lack of timely spraying after the emergence of the seedlings, and the improper management of the temperature and humidity of the seedbed bed to cause damping-off and blight. Control measures: Use 50% carbendazim WP or 1 gram of mildew pure medicine per square meter of nursery bed to mix with appropriate amount of dry fine soil, and spread it over the simmering surface. Mix well and sow. 75% of the seedlings were unearthed and sprayed with 50% carbendazim WP 500 times to prevent disease, and sprayed once every 7-10 days. Timely cover the straw, pay attention to ventilation, prevent the seedbed temperature and humidity is too high to induce the disease.
Insect pests, cockroaches, and other underground pests are widespread and can easily cause dead seedlings. Prevention and control measures: Use 80% of dichlorvos EC 1000 times solution to water the seedbed to prevent dental caries; use 80% of dichlorvos EC 100 times solution or 40% phoxim EC 50 times solution to prepare fried baits, such as bean cake and wheat bran. Trap killing.
When the drug seedlings are sterilized, the dosage is too large, the bed soil is too dry after sowing, and the spray concentration after emergence is too high, which can easily cause drug-induced death. Preventive measures: The amount of medication used for bed soil disinfection should not be too large. After treatment, the nursery should maintain a certain humidity, but the amount of water each time should not be too much, so as to avoid excessive humidity in the soil. The occurrence of roots should be promptly ventilated and dampened to promote the evaporation of water. On cloudy and rainy days, dry fine soil or hay and wood ash can be spread on the seedbed.
In the fertilizer bed soil, the unfermented organic fertilizer or the mixed fertilizer is unevenly mixed, causing the roots to die. Preventive measures: The organic fertilizer must be thoroughly cooked and fully mixed with the bed soil. When the seedlings are divided, the soil is compacted and leveled, and the nutrient bowl is poured with water.
Cold damage caused by low-temperature cold flow has not been taken in time to prevent cold, resulting in frozen seedlings died of freezing; or seedlings due to improper timing, seedbed soil temperature is too low, can not take root after seedlings, resulting in dead seedlings. Preventive measures: Pay attention to weather changes during the nursery season, and increase the cover in time before the low-temperature cold current. The use of electric hot-bed temperature control seedlings. Reasonable increase of light, proper control of watering, increase of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, etc., to improve the soil temperature of the seedbed and improve the ability of plants to resist cold.
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