Lawn fertilization, on the one hand, supplements the turf with the need for nitrogen and other mineral nutrients, and on the other hand, it also focuses on fertilizing the soil in order to enter the virtuous cycle of “good lawn, good soil, good soil, and good lawn†and to obtain high-quality longevity lawns. Another important measure.
(1) The nutrient elements and deficiencies required for turfgrass: Green plants absorb water in their lives, and exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen in the body through gas exchange to obtain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen three nutrients; in addition, necessary Fourteen elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, boron, copper, zinc, iron, molybdenum, chlorine, and nickel all need to be obtained from soil or supplemented by fertilization. These 17 elements, lacking any one kind, the plant can not grow normally and complete the life history; any element can not be replaced by other elements; the role is direct. Therefore, the International Plant Nutrition Society confirmed that it is an essential nutrient element. Nine kinds of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium, magnesium, etc. account for ≥0.01% of dry matter weight in the plant, which means a large number of elements, and the rest are trace elements. In addition, there are "good elements" such as silicon, cobalt, aluminum, selenium and sodium. In the soil, the lack of common sense, that is, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are often supplemented by fertilization, are commonly referred to as the three elements of fertilizer. In general, other nutrients need to be supplemented only in special soils and environments.
The requirements for nutrients on lawns are quite unique compared to crops and even pastures. First, the demand for nitrogen is particularly high. Second, the demand for potassium is unusual. Third, the demand for phosphorus is relatively small. Fourth, other elements are also required to be comprehensive. Therefore, fertilization should be based on nitrogen and potassium, nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus three elements, pay attention to the addition of other elements. In this way, it is possible to respond to a lawn that is elegant, superior in texture, and long-lived.
(2) Fertilizers: When selecting and applying fertilizers, it is necessary to analyze and understand the nutrient contents of various fertilizers and the nutrient salinity index per unit of plants, and to further understand the various chemical fertilizer application rates, the possibility of burned lawn blades and the physiological characteristics of fertilizers. Urea formaldehyde, organic nitrogen fertilizer, superphosphate, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate and other fertilizers have lower nutrient index per unit of plant (≤ 1.0), and the possibility of burned leaves is small; otherwise, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, Ammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate and other salts have higher salinity index (≥2.5), and the possibility of burned leaves is greater. When applying or spraying these fertilizers, it is necessary to achieve appropriate and uniform amounts, and avoid excessive quantities or excessive concentrations. The rest, prime, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, etc. (1.0-2.5), may also burn the leaves, and it should also pay attention to proper amount and uniformity when applying it. In addition, according to the physiological characteristics of fertilizers, ammonium nitrate and other physiologically alkaline fertilizers are absorbed, and the remaining Na+ and Ca2+ ions are retained; after absorption by physiological and acidic fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, residual ions such as S042- and Cl- can remain, which can affect soil pH. The application should pay attention to avoid deepening the soil acidification or alkalinization; and use it to improve soil pH.
(three) fertilizer technology points
1. According to the requirement of fertilizer on the lawn, emphasis is placed on nitrogen fertilizer, potassium, phosphorus, and other full-price fertilizers. The low cultivated lawn requires at least 0.5kg/100m2 nitrogen (equivalent to 1.2kg/100m2 urea) per year; the higher ones can reach 5-7.5kg/100m2 (equivalent to 11.1-16.7kg/urea). m 2) or more. The requirements for potassium and phosphorus in lawns are 1/2-1/3, 1/5-1/10 of nitrogen, plus the differences in leaching and fixation between nutrient elements. The ratio of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus is generally 2 : 1-1.5:1 (1/2 of nitrogen is slow-acting nitrogen). In actual work, it may be adjusted according to the growth and season of the lawn. The green and soft foliage of the lawn shows a sufficient amount of nitrogen fertilizer. It is straight and elastic and is rich in potassium and phosphorus. Green dressing can increase the amount of nitrogen fertilizer; in order to improve the lawn overwintering, over summer resistance can increase the potassium, phosphorus dosage.
2. Apply organic fertilizer at least once a year and combine the soil to level the lawn. If there is special need, it can be 2-4 times/year. The application of organic fertilizer accounted for about 1/2 of the annual nitrogen application.
3. Topdressing, applying top dressing on the basis of applying organic fertilizer and soil. Top dressing depends not only on grass species, but also on the use of lawns and the intensity of turf regeneration and self-renewal.
Generally greening the lawn can be applied twice a year. The first time can be after the return of green; the second time in the fall, the specific time to look at the nitrogen status of climate and lawn. It should be applied firmly after the temperature has stabilized and the turfgrass grows. The nitrogen level of the lawn can be judged by using the crop leaf color comparison card. In the actual work, "1,3 leaf colorimetry" is more practical, especially in the diagnosis of barnyardgrass nitrogen levels more effective. The undeveloped or unexpanded leaves of the stems or branches of the grass were numbered 0, followed by the first full-length fixed-length leaf series No. 1, the second leaf series No. 2, and the third leaf series No. 3.
With the sprinkler irrigation system, the fertilizer can be first dissolved in a small amount of water, slag, and poured into the pool to become a 0.1%-0.2% aqueous solution sprayed on the lawn, evenly and effortlessly. If no sprinkler system is suitable for spreading, the spreader should pay attention to uniformity and should be operated after the dew is dry so as not to burn the lawn and ensure the consistency of the grass color. The best way is to divide the fertilizer into two parts, one in the north-south direction and the other in the east-west direction. The choice of watering before or after the rain will allow the fertilizer to dissolve and soak into the soil.
(1) The nutrient elements and deficiencies required for turfgrass: Green plants absorb water in their lives, and exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen in the body through gas exchange to obtain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen three nutrients; in addition, necessary Fourteen elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, boron, copper, zinc, iron, molybdenum, chlorine, and nickel all need to be obtained from soil or supplemented by fertilization. These 17 elements, lacking any one kind, the plant can not grow normally and complete the life history; any element can not be replaced by other elements; the role is direct. Therefore, the International Plant Nutrition Society confirmed that it is an essential nutrient element. Nine kinds of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium, magnesium, etc. account for ≥0.01% of dry matter weight in the plant, which means a large number of elements, and the rest are trace elements. In addition, there are "good elements" such as silicon, cobalt, aluminum, selenium and sodium. In the soil, the lack of common sense, that is, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are often supplemented by fertilization, are commonly referred to as the three elements of fertilizer. In general, other nutrients need to be supplemented only in special soils and environments.
The requirements for nutrients on lawns are quite unique compared to crops and even pastures. First, the demand for nitrogen is particularly high. Second, the demand for potassium is unusual. Third, the demand for phosphorus is relatively small. Fourth, other elements are also required to be comprehensive. Therefore, fertilization should be based on nitrogen and potassium, nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus three elements, pay attention to the addition of other elements. In this way, it is possible to respond to a lawn that is elegant, superior in texture, and long-lived.
(2) Fertilizers: When selecting and applying fertilizers, it is necessary to analyze and understand the nutrient contents of various fertilizers and the nutrient salinity index per unit of plants, and to further understand the various chemical fertilizer application rates, the possibility of burned lawn blades and the physiological characteristics of fertilizers. Urea formaldehyde, organic nitrogen fertilizer, superphosphate, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate and other fertilizers have lower nutrient index per unit of plant (≤ 1.0), and the possibility of burned leaves is small; otherwise, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, Ammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate and other salts have higher salinity index (≥2.5), and the possibility of burned leaves is greater. When applying or spraying these fertilizers, it is necessary to achieve appropriate and uniform amounts, and avoid excessive quantities or excessive concentrations. The rest, prime, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, etc. (1.0-2.5), may also burn the leaves, and it should also pay attention to proper amount and uniformity when applying it. In addition, according to the physiological characteristics of fertilizers, ammonium nitrate and other physiologically alkaline fertilizers are absorbed, and the remaining Na+ and Ca2+ ions are retained; after absorption by physiological and acidic fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, residual ions such as S042- and Cl- can remain, which can affect soil pH. The application should pay attention to avoid deepening the soil acidification or alkalinization; and use it to improve soil pH.
(three) fertilizer technology points
1. According to the requirement of fertilizer on the lawn, emphasis is placed on nitrogen fertilizer, potassium, phosphorus, and other full-price fertilizers. The low cultivated lawn requires at least 0.5kg/100m2 nitrogen (equivalent to 1.2kg/100m2 urea) per year; the higher ones can reach 5-7.5kg/100m2 (equivalent to 11.1-16.7kg/urea). m 2) or more. The requirements for potassium and phosphorus in lawns are 1/2-1/3, 1/5-1/10 of nitrogen, plus the differences in leaching and fixation between nutrient elements. The ratio of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus is generally 2 : 1-1.5:1 (1/2 of nitrogen is slow-acting nitrogen). In actual work, it may be adjusted according to the growth and season of the lawn. The green and soft foliage of the lawn shows a sufficient amount of nitrogen fertilizer. It is straight and elastic and is rich in potassium and phosphorus. Green dressing can increase the amount of nitrogen fertilizer; in order to improve the lawn overwintering, over summer resistance can increase the potassium, phosphorus dosage.
2. Apply organic fertilizer at least once a year and combine the soil to level the lawn. If there is special need, it can be 2-4 times/year. The application of organic fertilizer accounted for about 1/2 of the annual nitrogen application.
3. Topdressing, applying top dressing on the basis of applying organic fertilizer and soil. Top dressing depends not only on grass species, but also on the use of lawns and the intensity of turf regeneration and self-renewal.
Generally greening the lawn can be applied twice a year. The first time can be after the return of green; the second time in the fall, the specific time to look at the nitrogen status of climate and lawn. It should be applied firmly after the temperature has stabilized and the turfgrass grows. The nitrogen level of the lawn can be judged by using the crop leaf color comparison card. In the actual work, "1,3 leaf colorimetry" is more practical, especially in the diagnosis of barnyardgrass nitrogen levels more effective. The undeveloped or unexpanded leaves of the stems or branches of the grass were numbered 0, followed by the first full-length fixed-length leaf series No. 1, the second leaf series No. 2, and the third leaf series No. 3.
With the sprinkler irrigation system, the fertilizer can be first dissolved in a small amount of water, slag, and poured into the pool to become a 0.1%-0.2% aqueous solution sprayed on the lawn, evenly and effortlessly. If no sprinkler system is suitable for spreading, the spreader should pay attention to uniformity and should be operated after the dew is dry so as not to burn the lawn and ensure the consistency of the grass color. The best way is to divide the fertilizer into two parts, one in the north-south direction and the other in the east-west direction. The choice of watering before or after the rain will allow the fertilizer to dissolve and soak into the soil.
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