Inquiries: I am a Red Fuji apple grower. Last year, I gave fertiliser to orchards. At present, I feel that the fruit trees are short of fat. Why is this? How to top-dress?
Answer: There are several reasons for the lack of fruit trees: First, they did not master the fertilization period last year. Most of the farmers are in the late autumn base fertilization materials, missed the best time for autumn base fertilizer. As the temperature in the late autumn falls, root activity tends to stop and the fertilizer utilization rate is greatly reduced. After deciduous fertilization and basal fertilization in spring, the fertilizer effect is slow, and it has little effect on flowering fruit setting and shoot growth in spring, which is not conducive to flower bud differentiation. Second, there is no good grasp of the depth of fertilization. The chemical fertilizer is too shallow, causing the waste of nutrients to be volatilized; the organic fertilizer is too deep (up and down 80 centimeters) and has not been applied to the concentrated distribution layer of the roots, which is not conducive to root absorption and reduces the fertilizer utilization rate. Third, there is little or no adequate fertilization point and the soil is not fully stirred. Fertilizer is too concentrated, resulting in high local concentration of the soil, which tends to produce fertilizer damage. In particular, phosphate fertilizer is not conducive to the exertion of fertilizer effect due to poor mobility. Fourth, neglecting watering after fertilization. In the production of many fruit growers pay more attention to fertilization, but often overlook watering, although a lot of fertilization, but due to soil drought can not maximize the effectiveness of fertilizer.
Fruit trees have been fruiting now, because the foliar spray can be directly absorbed by the leaves, and it is highly efficient and fast. It is adopted by the majority of farmers. However, some fruit growers have some inadequacies in the foliar spray: First, improper selection of fertilizer types, such as spraying with ammonium bicarbonate, resulting in burning of leaves; second, inaccurate spray sites; third, the concentration is not accurate , or high or low.
The correct method: First, according to fruit trees need to select the type of spray fertilizer, urea in nitrogen fertilizer is better. The second is to determine the optimum spray site. Different nutrient elements have different mobility in the tree body, so the spraying site should be different. In particular, trace elements have poor fluidity in the tree body, and it is best to spray directly on the desired organs. In addition, the leaf back absorbs more quickly than the leaf surface, and the spraying of fertilizer should focus on spraying the leaf back. The third is to determine a reasonable spray fertilizer concentration. Different concentrations must be used depending on the growth period and climatic conditions and species. The concentration of young leaves should be low and mature leaves should be high; areas and seasons with more rainfall can be higher, and vice versa. In addition, the amount of spraying should be sufficient to moisten the leaves and drip without drip. At the same time, the concentration of foliar spray fertilizer is generally lower and the amount of fertilizer is less. In order to increase the effect of spray fertilizer, it is better to spray continuously for 2 to 3 times or more. Interval 10 to 15 days.
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