First, the symptoms of seedlings, leaves, stems and fruits can be infected. With leaves and young fruit victims. Seedlings were infected, and lesions spread from the leaves to the main stem, making the stems thin and dark brown, causing the whole plant to wilt or fall. When the humidity is high, the surface of the diseased part has white mold. Leaf disease, mostly from the lower leaves of the plant at the tip or the edge of the leaf began to produce brown spots, when the humidity is high, there is a white mold in the back section of the disease. The lesion on the stem showed dark brownish spoilage. Fruit infection mainly occurred on green fruits. The lesions appeared oil-immersed and dark green at first, and turned brown to dark brown afterwards. They were slightly sunken with obvious edges. Fruits generally did not become soft, and when the humidity was high, there was a small amount of white mold. Rapidly rot.
Second, the incidence of the disease This pathogen is called Phytophthora infestans, is a flagella flagellum subphylum fungus, the disease is mainly in the winter tomato or soil in the cultivation of diseased overwintering, conditions suitable for bacteria to produce sporangia, sporangia production, release travel Phytospores, which directly invade from the stomata or epidermis of the plant, are transmitted by airflow or irrigation water and repeatedly infested, causing the disease to become epidemic. The suitable temperature for the onset of the disease is 18-22°C and the humidity is 90-100%. The onset or prevalence depends on whether there is relative humidity or water droplet saturation. Therefore, low temperature and high humidity are the main conditions for the occurrence and prevalence of the disease. Greenhouses in dense greenhouses are densely planted, with large temperature difference, overcast days, weak light, flooded irrigation, and insufficiency of wind protection, which are favorable for the occurrence of this disease.
III. Prevention and control measures Protected tomatoes from the seedling stage, strictly control the ecological conditions, prevent the occurrence of high humidity conditions in the greenhouse, and reduce the spread of diseases. The diseased sheds can be rotated for more than three years with non-solanum crops.
Chemical control: should not be seen before the onset of disease to start medication, found diseased plants, the choice of 72.2% Prokary 800 times liquid, 72% Ke Lu WP 500-600 times, 69% Anke Manganese zinc wettable powder 900 times spray treatment. In the case of cloudy or rainy days, dust or smoke can be used for prevention and control. Dust method: Use 5% chlorothalonil dust agent, 1 kg per mu. Smoke agent method: use 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent or 10% fast-king smoke agent 200-250 grams per mu.
Shijiazhuang Xinle Agricultural Technology Center Vegetable Station Tao Xiuna 050700
At present, the tomatoes in the greenhouses of Xinle City, Shijiazhuang City, have entered the fruitful period and have started to be listed in large quantities. Most of the greenhouse tomatoes are growing well. However, according to the investigation of the vegetable station of the Xinle City Agricultural Technology Center, individual greenhouse tomatoes have late blight, and the diseased plant rate is 2%-3%. To effectively prevent and control the spread and spread of the disease, the safe production of tomato in the greenhouse is now The comprehensive prevention and treatment technology of tomato late blight provides a brief introduction for the majority of vegetable farmers.
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