"The sow is good, a good nest; the boar is good, a good slope." This colloquial expression strongly illustrates the importance of keeping and using the boar in the production of modern intensive pig farms. Practice has proved that, under reasonable use conditions, an adult Duroc boar can reproduce about 800 piglets per year in commercial pig farms, and up to 10,000 heads during artificial insemination. However, in actual production, there are always some Duroc boar breeding performance is not ideal, such as the Duroc reserve boar does not have sexual desire, no sperm; Duroc adult boar semen quality is poor, loss of libido, etc., always troubled Pig production, and to varying degrees, affect the social and economic benefits of the market. Based on practical experience, the following issues are analyzed in this regard, hoping to get criticism from peer experts. Reserve pig stage Duroc reserved boars usually begin sexual development at 4 to 5 months of age, reach sexual maturation around 6 months of age, and begin to be allocated at 8 months of age. Two days after the shooting of a fine reserve of young boar, semen volume is generally 150-250 ml, total sperm 5-12 billion, live sperm rate of 80%, with age, semen quality will continue to increase. The breeding obstacles of Duroc reserved boars mainly manifested as lack of sexual desire, lack of sperm, and poor quality of semen. 1. No sexual desire means that after Duroc's reserve boar reaches the initial age, he does not want to approach or cross, or even fears and avoids estrus. Adolescent-free Duroc reserved boars are generally not to be eliminated immediately. They try to find out the causes of asexuality, such as asexual experience, disparity with the sow's physique and fear, congenital physiology insufficiency, etc., and symptomatic treatment is invalid. Eliminated. There are several kinds of treatment methods: 50-60 kilograms of small boars, can not be raised in the same column with the sow, so easy to assimilate the boar, passivation of sexual desire, resulting in no sexual desire, to be sorted by the column or single column . Adjustment and match or training sow. Try to select sows that are similar or slightly smaller than the reserve boar, preferably estrus stable gilts, to eliminate outside obstacles. Training training reserve boar breeding. From the age of 6 months, adhere to training. When training, you can use estrus gilts or fake Taiwan animals to induce their estrus, each training time, not more than 15-20 minutes, the time is too easy to cause boar boredom. The trainers should have patience, be gentle, and should not be rough and free to play boars. They can train every day or every other day until they succeed. The use of male hormones, such as testosterone propionate injection, but this method will reduce the pituitary secretion of sperm production of gonadotropins, even if the boar can increase sexual desire, will also reduce the number of sperm, resulting in poor fertility, and even Infertility. 2. Poor semen quality Semen quality includes several indexes such as ejaculation amount, color, odor, sperm motility, sperm density, normal sperm ratio, and sperm survival time. The poor semen quality of Duroc reserve boars generally refers to the low number, low density, lack of sperm, and poor vitality. There are several reasons for the following effects: 1 In terms of diet, the proportion of protein is inadequate, and calcium and phosphorus are insufficient or lacking. When vitamins a, d, e, etc. are lacking, semen quality will be poor or even without sperm. Proteins also have the effect of prolonging the lifespan of spermatozoa. Excess or deficiency can affect semen quality. The crude protein in the reserve boar diet is preferably 14%, and the ratio of calcium to phosphorus is preferably 1.5:1. Vitamins and trace elements are mainly balanced by adding premixes, which is beneficial to the species characteristics of Duroc reserved boars. The play. 2 The Duroc reserve boar lacks exercise. When the body is too fat or too thin, the quality of semen is poor. Regular and reasonable exercise can enhance physical and sexual activity, so as to avoid abnormal oestrus, poor semen quality, low conception rate of sows and fewer litters. 3 Reasonable use Duroc-backed boars are usually used 2-3 times per week for direct deployment and once per week for artificial insemination. If you use too little or too often, the semen quality will be poor. 4 Doing a summer heat-reduction job can also improve the semen quality of the Duroc boar. The adult pig stage generally refers to boars aged 1.5 to 4 years, which can be used 3-4 times per week during the direct deployment and 3 times every two weeks during sperm extraction. Each ejaculate volume is 200-300 ml, and some are as high as 700-800 ml. The total sperm volume is 150-60 billion. Duroc adult boar reproductive disorders, generally manifested as decreased libido, semen quality and so on. 1. Loss of libido During normal use, Duroc boars gradually or suddenly become sexually impulsive and do not want to climb or approach the sow. There are several reasons for this. In the absence of vitamins in diets, Duroc boars have reduced sexual reflexes, and even the testicles are swollen or dry and shrink, losing fertility. When the penis or limbs are damaged, sexual desire will be significantly reduced. This should be used after the Duroc boars have been restored. When a disease occurs on its own, such as a high fever, it also affects the boar's libido. Symptoms should be treated correctly and promptly at the time of onset. For boars that are too old, the Durok is best to be eliminated after 4-5 years of age because of deterioration of bodily functions and gradual decline of libido. Inappropriate use frequency, excessive or long-term use, the former easy to fatigue the boar, the latter easily blunt sexual desire, can cause loss of libido. Adult boars can be used 3-4 times / week, sperm extraction three times every two weeks. When too fat or too thin, boar libido also have different degrees of decline, accompanied by deterioration of semen quality. Use a reasonable feeding program to improve the boar's condition. 2. Poor semen quality Duroc adult boar has poor semen quality and should be dealt with from the following aspects. Staff management is unreasonable. Use, feeding not in accordance with requirements, excessive or long-term use, feed is not quantitative or too little, are likely to cause less semen volume, semen is more dilute, sperm activity is poor, thereby affecting the sow's fertility rate and litter size. Therefore, the management of breeding keeper should be given priority. Insufficient or lack of protein, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamins in the diet, when the ratio is imbalanced, the quality of semen is significantly decreased, and spermatozoa with dead sperm, undergrowth, or lack of vitality are increased. The content of each ingredient in the diet should be properly adjusted. The crude protein in the diet of adult boar should be 12%. The quality of summer heatstroke cooling work is also likely to result in poor quality semen of adult boars, an increase in the proportion of dead sperm, and a decline in reproductive performance. Therefore, we should do a good job in this area when it is hot. In short, when Duroc boars have reproductive problems, they will not be updated in a month. They should strive to find out the reasons and treat the affected parties to reduce the loss of production costs, so as to create better social and economic benefits. (Panling original breeding farm in Guangdong Province Wu Tongshan Wang Jingjun Li Yan)
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