The serum is the liquid released by the blood clot after it has coagulated. Main components: Serum is a complex mixture of fibrin removed from plasma. Although most of its components are known, some of them are still unclear, and serum composition and content often vary with the sex and age of the blood-feeding animals. Physiological conditions and nutritional conditions vary. The serum contains various plasma proteins, peptides, fats, carbohydrates, growth factors, hormones, inorganic substances, etc., which are physiologically balanced for promoting cell growth or inhibiting growth activity.
Although there has been great progress in the study of the composition and action of serum, there are still some problems.
mainly:
First: There may be hundreds of components in serum. At present, the exact composition, content and mechanism of action are still unclear, especially for some of the peptide growth factors, hormones and lipids. Bringing many difficulties to research work;
Second: the serum is produced in batches, the difference between the batches is very large, and the serum preservation period is up to one year. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to ensure the similarity of each batch of serum, so that the standardization and continuity of the experiment are limited;
Third: It cannot be ruled out that serum contains volatile substances, which is considered to be one of the causes of "deterioration in the bottle".
Identification method:
A pale yellow transparent liquid that is coagulated by blood. If the blood is taken out from the blood vessel and placed in a test tube without an anticoagulant, the blood coagulation reaction is activated, and the blood rapidly solidifies to form a jelly. The clot is contracted, and the pale yellow transparent liquid deposited around it is serum, which can also be obtained by centrifugation after coagulation. During the blood coagulation process, fibrinogen is converted into fibrin blocks, so there is no fibrinogen in the serum, which is the biggest difference from plasma. In the blood coagulation reaction, many substances are released from platelets, and each clotting factor also changes. These components are left in the serum and continue to change, such as prothrombin to thrombin, and gradually disappear or disappear with the serum storage time. These are also differences from plasma. However, a large number of substances that did not participate in the blood coagulation reaction were basically the same as plasma. In order to avoid the interference of anticoagulants, the analysis of many chemical components in the blood uses serum as a sample.
Plasma is a liquid component of blood in which blood cells hang. The human body contains 2750-3300 ml of plasma, which accounts for about 55% of the total blood volume. The vast majority of plasma is water (90% by volume), in which the dissolved substances are mainly plasma proteins, including glucose, inorganic salt ions, hormones, and carbon dioxide. The main function of plasma is to carry blood cells, and it is also the main medium for transporting secreted products.
The fresh blood is centrifuged to sediment the blood cells, and the upper layer of pale yellow serum is plasma. The difference between plasma and serum is that serum does not contain blood clotting factors such as fibrinogen.
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