The color of colored bell peppers is red, golden, purple, light purple, milky yellow, etc. The fruit shape is square and large, the peel is smooth, the flesh is thick, the thickness of the flesh is 5-7mm, and the weight of single fruit is 200-400g. 500 grams; sweet and crisp taste, high nutritional value, suitable for raw food. Color sweet peppers are resistant to low temperatures and low light, and have a long growth period. In recent years, China has introduced colored sweet peppers from the United States, the Netherlands, Israel and other countries, and planted in the suburbs of Beijing, Shanghai and other cities, with good results and rapid development throughout the country. The Jiamusi Vegetable Research Institute has been introduced for two years and has achieved good results. The greenhouse cultivation techniques are now introduced as follows.
First, the variety selection
Choose a hybrid that has large fruit, bright colors, smooth peel, sweet and crisp taste, and strong disease resistance. Such as: yellow agate, tender fruit is green, mature fruit is golden yellow, square lantern shape, fruit length and thickness are about 10 cm, single fruit weight is about 2000 grams, good taste, strong disease resistance, high yield; amethyst, The tender fruit is lavender, the old ripe fruit is red, the lantern shape, the fruit length and thickness are about 10 cm, the flesh is thicker, the taste is good, the disease resistance is strong, the yield is high; Mazuka, the tender fruit is green, mature The fruit is bright red, square lantern shape, fruit length and thickness are 10-12 cm, fruit flesh is thick, up to 7 mm, single fruit weight is 200-400 g, taste is good, plant growth is strong, disease resistance is strong, and yield is high.
Second, nursery
Do a good job in seedbed disinfection and seed disinfection, master the appropriate seedling age, and cultivate disease-free and strong seedlings. The seedbed is mixed with 50% carbendazim 8-10 g/m2 and appropriate amount of red tide soil. Soak seeds with 10% Na3PO4 solution for 30 minutes to prevent viral diseases, then rinse them with water for 8-12 hours, and place them at 25-30 °C for 2 to 4 days, until the seeds are white. Seedlings are seeded with a tray, and grass charcoal is used as a substrate. After sowing, the temperature during the daytime is maintained at 28-30 °C, the temperature is maintained at 18-20 °C at night, the ground temperature is about 20 °C, and the temperature of the seedlings is reduced by about 3 °C. If you do not use seedlings for seedlings, you should plant single seedlings in the heart of the seedlings. Strong seedling standard: plant height 18-20 cm, about 10 leaves, dark green leaves, thick leaves, thick stems, good root development, no long, aging and weak seedlings.
Third, land selection, fertilization, planting
Choose the plot of fruit and vegetable crops that have not been planted for 3 years, apply more than 45t/hm2 of fully decomposed organic fertilizer, fine soil preparation, 25~30cm deep ploughing, ridge and ridge distance 70-80cm. Choose sunny days in the morning, the plant spacing is 40 cm, watering in time after planting, preferably film.
Fourth, field management
1. Fertilizer management After planting and slowing down the seedlings, and applying the green Xinbao brand biological compound compound fertilizer 450 kg/hm2 at the initial stage of fruit setting, it will be applied once after each harvest; from the beginning of the seedling stage, the Bingqingbao foliar fertilizer will be sprayed every 10 days. The amount of fertilizer applied is 150-300 ml/hm2, and it is sprayed 3-4 times. After planting, water is poured once to promote slow seedlings. After the result, according to the weather conditions and the growth of water, the soil is often kept moist. Generally, water is poured once every 5-7 days, and the watering amount should not be too large.
2. The temperature adjustment temperature is controlled at 25-30 °C during the day, the maximum is not more than 32 °C, the minimum is not lower than 20 °C; the nighttime control is at 16-18 °C. It is best to use a sunshade when the light is too strong.
3, pruning and hanging vine pruning is a key measure affecting the formation of yield and fruit size, and is also different from the management of ordinary sweet pepper. Each plant chooses 2 to 3 main vine branches, preferably 7 per square meter. The side buds of the door buds and the base leaves are sparse early. From the 4th to the 5th, the peppers are kept. The main, later remove the side branches in time, the middle side branches can be topped after leaving a pepper, each plant always has 2-3 branches growing upwards, generally do not cultivate soil, in order to prevent lodging, plastic rope suspension is used for fixing. The color sweet pepper plant height can reach more than 2 meters, and each plant has about 20 peppers.
4, disease control Fusarium wilt with 500-700 times liquid irrigated root control; virus disease with leaf spleen 150 ml per hectare 225 kg of water control; early blight with 40% bactericidal WP 1500-1000 times Prevention and treatment.
V. Harvesting
As a high-grade variety of special vegetables, colored sweet peppers have strict requirements on fruit quality when they are marketed. Therefore, harvesting should not be too early or too late, and the optimal harvesting time depends on the variety. The purple variety is 70-90 days after planting, the fruit stops expanding and is harvested when it is thickened sufficiently; the red, yellow and white varieties are harvested 100-120 days after planting, and the fruit is harvested when it is completely colored. When harvesting, use scissors to cut from the joint between the fruit stalk and the plant. Do not twist it by hand to avoid damage to the plant and infection. After harvesting, the fruits are lightly handled and sold by size. Generally, the yield of colored sweet peppers can reach more than 75 tons per hectare.
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