How to cover insulation
Since the winter, strawberries have gradually entered dormancy. Strawberry roots are shallow, and winter can only tolerate low temperatures of -8°C and temperatures of -10°C for a short time. Freezing damage can occur when the temperature drops again. In severe cases, the plants die and the economic benefits decrease. The winter cold-proof measures for strawberry cultivation in winter are mainly covered by insulation. Overwintering and protecting the winter cover will help the growth of strawberries. However, if the effect of covering cold is not good, the performance will be late, the growth will be weak, and the yield will be significantly reduced.
Coverage time In the early winter of each year, when strawberries undergo a few frost-cryogenic exercises, the coverage is most suitable when the temperature drops to -7°C and the soil is “frozen and frozen overnightâ€. Generally held during November.
Coverage Method 1. Coverage time. Before the covering of the cold-proof materials, the anti-freezing water should be poured once. It must be filled thoroughly. Irrigation takes place during the period when the soil is about to enter the freezing period and the ground is covered one week after the irrigation. 2. Cover material. A variety of crop stalks, leaves, soft grass, decomposed horse manure, fine rags, etc. can be used. If the soil is covered with cold, it is best to coat a small amount of grass first, and then cover the soil so as to avoid damage to the strawberry seedlings when the soil is removed during spring. The thickness of the covering depends on the local climatic conditions and the insulation properties of the covering material. The general thickness is 3 to 5 cm. 3. Coverage method. Covering is best done in two separate steps. After pouring the frozen water, it is slightly dry and covered with a part of material. After a few days, the temperature will no longer rise and it will be completely covered. 4. Set wind barriers to prevent cold. In the densely planted strawberry garden where snow is stable, wind barriers can be set up to prevent cold without ground cover. Wind barriers are set every 10 to 15 meters, and materials such as sorghum stalks, corn stalks, and straw mats can be used. Barrier height 2 to 2.5 meters. Conditional available cold-proof cloth, color steel tile and other materials around the park set up wind barriers, the effect is also very good. 5. Remove cover period. It is generally performed twice in the spring after the chilling season in the following year. The first time when the average temperature is above 0°C, remove the thawed cover. In the case of excessive rain and snow in winter, it must be promptly removed to promote the thawing of the lower layer, which is conducive to sunlight and increase the temperature of the ground. The second time when the strawberry is about to germinate, do not remove the cold protection too late so as not to damage the new stem. 6. Using plastic film cover. After the strawberry is poured into the frozen water with a plastic film, the surface of the surface is covered by the direction of the earthworm when the surface is slightly dry. When the film is covered, the film must be stretched and laid out so that the film is tightly adhered to the surface of the dough. The soil around the film is tightly packed with soil. The middle is then covered with a small mound to prevent the wind from blowing through the film and then covering the cover. Or in areas with snow, direct covering of 10 cm thick wheat straw, thatch, straw and other materials on the strawberries and then covering the plastic film is better than covering the plastic film before covering the cover. Chai Quanxi
How to control the winter greenhouse
Strawberries are highly nutritious and highly effective products. In recent years, the area for planting strawberries has been expanding year by year, which has become an effective way for farmers to adjust planting structure and increase income. Here are the highlights of the winter management techniques for the strawberry steel racks.
The temperature and humidity management in the greenhouse shall reduce the humidity in the greenhouse as much as possible during the whole growth period, especially during the winter flowering period, the relative humidity should be reduced to 50% to 60%. After buckling the greenhouse for 7 to 10 days, the black mulch is covered on the surface of the mulch and all or part of the mulch is covered, which can effectively reduce the humidity in the shed, but also has the effects of heat preservation and weeding.
Fertilizer management will be applied once a year 20 days before and once a year after 1 year. Fertilization is often combined with irrigation. Irrigation generally uses under-film drip irrigation to reduce the humidity in the greenhouse. It is also possible to perforate the mulch at 20 to 25 centimeters along the middle of the plant surface, and then apply water through the mulch on the mulch. Flowing sideways into the bowl.
Diseases, pests, and weeds mainly include powdery mildew and gray mold. Powdery mildew was sprayed with 20% triadimefon WP 1000 times. The control of gray mold was selected after the baiting, and the smoking agent such as smoked smoke or smoked spirit was mainly smoked. Aphids were sprayed with 1500-fold solution of 5% beta-cypermethrin.
How to cultivate only high yield
The greenhouse strawberry cultivation is relatively easy and the economic benefits are high. The development of the whole country is very fast. Based on many years of experience, we now introduce high-yield practical cultivation techniques as follows.
The establishment of nursery colonization of mother plants, with the cultivated stalk seedlings in the past year, colonization of 700 to 800 per acre. In stalk processing, a female plant can reproduce 70 to 80 robust seedlings. The criteria for strong seedlings are that roots and stems are thicker than 1 cm, roots are 3-5 cm long, and there are 3-5 standard leaf blades. The plants are robust.
25 days before planting and planting, 5,000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer per acre, 100-150 kg of biological potash, 30 cm of deep soil, 10-15 cm of ridging, 40-50 cm of ridge width, and ridge spacing 15-20 centimeters, north-south ridge, sunny, bactericidal insecticide, to prepare for planting.
The greenhouse shed is generally east-west oriented, with a shed length of 50-60 meters, a width of 7-8 meters, and a height of 2.5-3 meters. The time for picking the shed is determined according to the time when the fruit is harvested. Usually Baozao blooms 1 month after the early growth and shed, and after 1 month of flowering, the fruit begins to ripen. The harvest period is about 1 month. According to the required cooling capacity, the temperature can be raised in the shed in mid-October to mid-October.
Temperature management budding to early flowering, suitable temperature during the day is 20-30 °C; harvesting period of 8 °C or more; daytime temperature in the shed to hyperventilation, such as the outside temperature is too low, should put the top wind, stroke, can not put the end of the wind.
Flowering management optimum flowering temperature during the day 20-25 °C, night 5-6 °C, the minimum temperature can not be less than 3 °C; optimum humidity in the flowering shed is 50-60%, if too large, timely ventilation and humidification; flowering does not pour Water, no water spray; no fertilization, no spraying during flowering to prevent flowering victims; flowering bee pollination is required.
In addition, it is necessary to fertilize water and prevent diseases and pests in order to ensure the healthy growth of strawberries.
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