Sichuan Province is a large rabbit-raising province in the country. There are not only large-scale breeding farms but also a large number of scattered farmers. The arrival of winter has raised new requirements for feeding management. Some farmers will consult relevant scientific research institutions about the problems encountered in actual production; some farmers also send letters to us and ask questions for troubleshooting. To this end, the author recently visited Sichuan Provincial Academy of Animal Husbandry and asked rabbit expert Bai Guoyong to propose some countermeasures in response to some common problems.
Q: The incidence and death rate of puppies in winter are relatively high. I do not know what the reason is. How should we manage it to improve the survival rate of puppies?
A: For the survival rate of puppies, there are many factors affecting this, including factors such as nutrition, disease, environment, and management. Now the management factors are described as follows: According to the physiological characteristics of puppies and the practice of raising rabbits, Rabbits not only need human feeding and management, but also the quality of feeding and management will affect the rabbit's lifetime productivity. Experienced people all know that feeding large, vigorous and lively weaning rabbits not only grows faster, but also has a higher survival rate. The feeding of puppies will also affect the development of their hair and skin. Therefore, strengthening the feeding and management of puppies has a major effect on improving product output and quality.
For the feeding and management of puppies, the following work is mainly done:
First, ensure that the pups receive milk early and eat full milk. The baby must be allowed to eat colostrum within 5-10 hours after birth. It is necessary to raise female rabbits and create basic conditions for the pups to eat full milk and eat good milk. To breastfeed on time, according to the lactation of the female rabbit and the size of the pups, breastfeeding can be done once a day in the morning 10 days ago, but it is necessary to feed the pups before they are fed to the pups, and 10 days later each morning and evening are used. The breastfeeding way is breastfeeding. Because puppies can only breastfeed once they grow up, they simply cannot meet their needs. Generally, it is appropriate to have about 8 puppies. Excessive puppies can adopt the method of fostering or weeding out small ones. Never bring too many puppies.
Second, do warm and cold work. This is an important measure to cultivate puppies and increase weaning weight and survival rate. Insulation and anti-freeze must be completed first, especially in the winter and spring season and the rabbit house temperature below 15 °C. To do a good job of consignment work, the main reason is to prevent the female rabbit from producing the puppies outside the nest box and causing it to be frozen. Secondly, it is best to keep the temperature of the litter at 30-32°C and the room temperature of not less than 15°C for 10 weeks old pups. It is extremely important for warmth to change frequently and thicken nest boxes. It is not suitable to use cotton, cloth, etc. that are hygroscopic and easy to entangle as nest box bottom mats. In order to raise the temperature inside the home, heat, flues, fire walls, air conditioners, heaters, etc. shall be used according to local conditions. The litter box with puppies overlapped can also receive warmth. At the same time, it has to prevent rats.
Third, after the opening of the eyes of puppies, puppies should be promptly "supplemented." The supplementation of puppies is started from the 18th-day-old puppies who began to feed on the feed. While feeding the baby, feed the appropriate amount of formulated feed daily.
The benefits of implementing puppie feeding are:
1 After the opening of the eyes of the puppies, the growth and development speed up, the need for nutrients increased. However, the female rabbit's milk, both in quantity and quality, peaks after 18-21 days of age, and naturally declines as a result of another estrus or conception. The use of puppies from the 16-21 day old can open feed intake of biological characteristics, early implementation of supplementary feeding, can alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of nutrition in puppies, to ensure the normal growth of pups.
2 The implementation of supplemental feeding for puppies can prompt the puppies to learn to eat mixed feed as soon as possible, which contributes to the development of the digestive system and an excessively good “weaning offâ€, reducing weaning and even death.
3 In supplement feed for puppies, it is necessary to add anti-rabbit coccidiosis, anti-integrative enteritis and other drugs to carry out early prevention and control. It is extremely significant to improve the survival rate and daily gain of pups, especially the weaned rabbits. effect.
For supplementation of young rabbits, supplement feed must be prepared first. Feed supplements for puppies should generally be prepared separately. Its nutritional level suggests that crude protein is 18%-20%, digestion energy is about 11.0 MJ/kg, crude fiber is 10%-12%. The feed ingredients used should be fresh and easily digested. Whether individually formulated or using female rabbit compound materials, it is necessary to add pre-mixtures of additives for rabbits that contain anti-rabbit coccidiosis and other drugs (such as puppies of rabbit premixes).
The age at weaning of puppies should be determined according to different breeds, production uses, seasonal climate, lactation of the female rabbit, and the strength of the pups. Under normal circumstances, weaning at 30-35 days is appropriate.
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