Nat Med: Intestinal microbes protect the brain from the risk of stroke

Release date: 2016-03-31

Recent research has shown that microbes in our gut are important to our physical and mental health, affecting our appetite and our thoughts.

Now, a new study shows that gut microbes can protect our brain from damage. Mouse experiments have shown that the presence of a particular class of gut microbes can reduce our risk of stroke.

"Our experiments show a new connection between the brain and the intestine," says neuroscientist Josef Anrather of Cornell University's Institute of Brain Science. "This intestinal microbe can regulate the risk of stroke, which will change." The medical community has a consistent view of stroke."

Anrather et al. set up two groups of mice, one treated with antibiotics to remove microbes from the gut and the other as a control. Two weeks later, the scientists simultaneously induced ischemic stroke to both groups of mice (ie, by occluding blood vessels leading to the brain, causing hypoxia in the brain).

In the experiment, the severity of stroke symptoms in mice treated with antibiotics was only 40% of the control group.

However, researchers are not aware of the internal mechanisms. They believe that changing the microbial environment of the intestine is likely to alter the activity of immune cells, thereby protecting the brain from inflammatory reactions and other negative effects. This in turn protects the brain from the symptoms of stroke.

Although it is not guaranteed that this result is equally applicable to the human body, it is indeed a new direction for future clinical treatment. The biggest question at the moment is which type of microbial component can regulate the immune system and protect the brain from damage.

The results, published in the journal Nature Medicine, show that intestinal microbes do not directly interact with the brain, but affect the immune cells in some way to promote the survival of nerve cells.

If scientists can understand the mechanisms and can prove that the mechanism is equally applicable to the human body, this will directly lead to the realization of microbial interventions for stroke symptoms, and even specific diet plans can protect the brain.

“Food care is easier to achieve than medication,” Anrather said. “But it’s too early to say it now.”

Source: Bio Valley

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