Scientists have discovered new ways to block genetic mutations in nearly 30% of cancers

Scientists have discovered new ways to block genetic mutations in nearly 30% of cancers

November 15, 2016 Source: Medical Information Network

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The high frequency of RAS mutations in human cancers and the dependence of tumor survival on RAS make RAS an important target molecule for cancer research and drug development. Scientists and drug developers have long-term research on RAS oncogenes, hoping to find new ways to treat cancer, but so far no drugs have been found that can inhibit the activity of RAS oncogenes while ensuring safety.

Researchers from the University of Illinois at Chicago recently discovered a new way to block the effects of a genetic mutation in nearly 30% of cancers.

In this study, the researchers used a different approach to study RAS, and they developed a synthetic protein called NS1 monobody that was found to block the activity of RAS proteins.

Unlike traditional antibodies, monobody is not dependent on the environment and can be used as an inhibitor molecule for gene coding at any time. The researchers say that the beauty of this technique is that when a monobody binds to a protein, it usually inhibits protein activity.

Monobody was developed by co-author of the article, Professor Shohei Koide from New York University. They developed various monobodies to target a variety of different proteins, including enzymes and receptor molecules.

The researchers found that the NS1 monobody binds to a region of the RAS protein, which was not previously found to play an important role in RAS activity. NS1 is able to strongly inhibit the oncoprotein activity of K-RAS and H-RAS by blocking the formation of protein dimers, but does not contribute to N-RAS.

The study, published in the international academic journal Nature Chemical Biology, provides important insights into how RAS proteins function in cells. These insights may help guide the development of new therapeutic approaches that interfere with the function of mutant RAS in cancer cells.

Researchers say they have mastered a powerful tool that can be used to study RAS functions. More in-depth research is needed in the future, but this study has provided important information on how to delay tumor growth by inhibiting RAS protein activity.

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