Direct return of corn stalk technology

First, the operation method 1, the mechanical crushing field. Combine harvesters or straw smashing implements are used to harvest 2-3 pieces of green leaves on the upper part of the corn plant (completion period). The straw is crushed once, and the wheat basal fertilizer is directly sprinkled on the surface, and the soil is ploughed mechanically to level the land. Direct sowing of wheat, usually 3-5 days to complete the harvest and sowing. 2, manually smashed back to the field. Where there is no large-scale comminution of agricultural machinery, the straw can be manually chopped and smashed about 3-4 inches (10cm) long after the corn is harvested, spread evenly on the ground, and plowed into the soil together with the wheat basal fertilizer, or placed in the straw shun furrow , burying compaction. Second, supporting technology 1, the amount of straw and comminution level of 250 kg of corn straw directly back to the field is appropriate. It is more economical and reasonable to crush and cut into 3-4 inches (10cm). If there are still 2-3 pieces of young leaves in the upper part of the corn stalk, and the soil and straw have more moisture, the smashing and cutting methods can be more extensive, generally 6-7 inches (10-25 cm) long, which can improve work efficiency and save energy. . When concealing, we must seize the critical period when the corn straw has a large amount of moisture and is easily decomposed. 2. Agricultural implements Agricultural implements are important supporting facilities for corn stalk return operations. In areas where the mouth is tight, use appropriate farm implements as much as possible to improve efficiency. The tractor is generally equipped with a harvester with a pulverizer. 3, after the water management is overturned, such as soil moisture is not good (drought), should be poured before the sowing of water, water pressure, muddy soil. When the straw is returned to the field, if the soil moisture is good, a full irrigation can be performed when the wheat is delivered before winter. The purpose is to prevent the soil from standing overhead by irrigation, and the phenomenon of hanging roots of the wheat seedlings occurs, which can also promote the water absorption of the straw and accelerate decomposition and decomposition. 4. Fertilization management To ensure that wheat needs fertilizer, farmyard manure and chemical fertilizers should be allocated as base fertilizers. In addition, in order to adjust the ratio of carbon to nitrogen, to promote microbial activity, and to accelerate the maturity of straw, an additional 2-4 kg of nitrogen (5-10 kg of urea) per mu should be applied, and it should be applied when deep-turning with wheat basic fertilizer. Appropriate supplemental phosphate fertilizer can improve fertilizer efficiency. 5. Pests and pests should be used for soil treatment in cases where the pests and diseases are severe. Crops with serious pests and diseases should not be returned to the field. III. Appropriate conditions The technology of direct return of corn stalks is suitable for maize-wheat double-cropping areas with irrigation conditions, land formation, large plots, and moderate rainfall. Fourth, the benefit analysis 1, to improve soil fertilization of corn stalks return more easily to decompose, its nutrients can be directly used for the next stubble wheat, soil organic matter and nutrient content increased significantly, especially to improve the supply of potassium nutrition, to accelerate the potassium Recycling. According to investigation and analysis, the organic matter can be increased by an average of 10% on the plots of straw that has been returned to the fields year after year, reaching the level of fertility in the middle and upper classes. 2. Increase production and increase income According to a large-scale application survey, the plots of corn stalks returning to the fields will produce 30-60 kilograms of wheat more than the average plots of non-returned plots, increasing the yield by 15-19%. 3, saving time and energy and corn stalks harvesting land to field, saving the manpower and transport capacity of straw to transport fields and organic fertilizers into the field, improve the progress of the land preparation, ease the tension between the mouthwash, especially the summer corn planting area, and strive for the winter wheat Sowing time.