Lambs are weaned early, ie they are weaned earlier than conventionally produced and can be weaned at 4-7 weeks of age. Before weaning, as long as the supply of suitable dairy or grazing feed, technical problems have been resolved. The results of the trials in 10 farms in Xinjiang in 1999 showed that the dairy sheep materials developed by Xinjiang Taikun Group and the Department of Animal Science of Shihezi University were used in accordance with the supporting management procedures. The lambs were weaned at 1 month of age, and the intensified fattening was listed for 59 days. The lambs The weight can reach more than 17 kilograms. Lamb super early weaning refers to lambs weaned after birth from 1 to 3 months of age. The outcome depends on the level of artificial breastfeeding techniques. Super early weaning of lambs is a new technology for industrialized sheep raising. Since the 1970s abroad, research has been conducted in this area, and most of them have been implemented under full-fledged conditions. Whether this technology can be used for grazing herding in pastoral areas is rarely reported.
1. The significance of early weaning Lamb early weaning technology is an important part of efficient sheep production. The early weaning of lambs has four aspects. Third, early weaning can enable lambs to be placed in an artificially regulated nutrient environment as soon as possible, which is conducive to maximizing the Lamb’s early production potential, which is conducive to the growth and development of lambs and the fight against natural disasters. Second, early weaning can be shortened. Lamb production cycle can shorten the time from the traditional 8-10 months to 3-4 months for lambs to be listed and produce high-quality lamb meat according to market demand to improve the production efficiency of lambs. Third, the lambs achieve early weaning. , will help to implement efficient high-frequency reproduction in the ewes, and fourth, the early weaning of the lamb not only greatly reduces the cost of raising the ewes, but also helps the ewes advance physiological and physical recovery. The breeding season for the next breeding season lays a good foundation.
2. Physiological Basis of Early Weaning The postpartum milk yield of the ewes reaches its highest peak in 2-4 weeks, and the milk yield in 8 weeks is equivalent to 75% of the total milk production in the whole period. Since then, it has dropped significantly. The key to the success of early weaning in lambs is the condition of rumen development. One of the favorable factors for the early feeding and supplementation of lambs is the use of incomplete rumen development and relatively weak microbial action. The solid feed is broken into the stomach through the rumen and converted into glucose, which has high feed utilization rate. The second is Supplying solid feed can promote rumen development. Even if the ewes have high lactation, if the lamb is not supplemented by early feeding, the ruminal development will be poor. If we cannot complete the excessive feeding from high milk supply and low supplementation to low milk supply before weaning, growth stagnation will inevitably occur. Affect the early weaning effect. Therefore, the amount of supplementation the lamb can digest is a very useful indicator for weaning. The biggest difficulty in early superweaning is that of artificial breastfeeding.
3. Methods of Early Weaning of Lambs The first step in the early weaning of lambs is to train lambs to eat at an early age. Set up a fence at a fixed location, built-in feeding trough, ewes can not enter, the lamb can enter. Mothers and children can also be divided into groups to separate lambs and train them individually. When training for eating, various methods can be used, such as appropriate short-term restrictions on breast-feeding, supplementation of milk-fat feed when the lambs are hungry, or induction with liquid milk substitutes, and gradual transition to feeding solid feeds.
Lambs start eating as early as possible, although the intake is limited before the age of 2-3 weeks, but eating a very small amount of solid feed from early age has a great effect on the establishment of rumen function and feeding behavior. Early-age training for eating has a long-term effect on promoting the growth of lambs.
Generally start from 7-10 months of age to start feeding, 10-15 months of age began to feed, gradually increase the amount of feed, feeding the total amount of feed to the lamb can be eaten in 20-30 minutes is appropriate. Each lamb starts with 400-450 grams per day until it consumes an average of 9-14 kg of feed per lamb at the time of weaning. With the gradual increase of the lamb's feed intake, the number of lambs to be suckled should also gradually decrease, eventually transitioning to complete weaning, and the weaning time depends on the early diet and the growth and development of the lamb. Industrialized sheep require complete weaning at 20-25 months of age.
4. It is very important that the lambs' early weaning diets, milking ingredients, and diet composition require the palatability of the early lambs to eat their diets. This is because the lambs have poor ability to differentiate feeds, and they must rely on suitability to attract lambs to eat. After switching to feedstuffs, it is necessary to switch to milk-fed feeds for immediate supplementation, which can not overemphasize palatability. The emphasis is on ensuring the quantity of energy and the quality of eggs. Good feed for early lambs has bean cake, which not only improves the palatability of the diet, but also increases the amount of protein, followed by hay. Wolfberry grains and corn are also good palatability feeds. Dietary diets made from earthworms, bean cakes and molasses are also good palatability.
The general requirements for the early weaning of lambs are: the first to be good palatability, to ensure that enough to eat, the second is high nutritional value, especially protein and energy, the third is the low cost, that is, the lamb's dietary ingredients, The requirement is fast fermentation in the rumen and less crude fiber content. When combining, attention should be paid to: 1. Protein is not less than 15%, 2. Feeding pellet feed can increase feed intake, increase daily weight gain, particle diameter is 0.4-0.6 cm, 3. Antibiotics should be added to diet The 100 kg diet was measured at 4 grams. The method of supplementing diets for lambs at early age can refer to the formula of lamb diet supplemented with lambs recommended by the American NRC.
The replenishment of grazing lambs is mainly based on a single grain, or is fed with dairy sheep pellets, and some protein feeds are appropriately added according to the growth of pasture.
5. Artificial nursing The first step in manual nursing is the selection and feeding of milk substitutes. The early weaning of lambs must be after the beginning of the period of colostrum, that is, 24 hours after birth, because they do not eat colostrum and switch to other regular milk, the lambs do not show abnormalities at that time. The problem is that during the rearing period , It is certain that the lamb has not eaten colostrum before artificially assisting the lamb to suck the colostrum of other ewes 2-3 times, or manually squeeze the colostrum or cow colostrum, and the amount of 300 grams is within 12-18 hours before weaning. Feed 3 times. Use cow colostrum should be handled properly. Before use, warm up at room temperature, avoid heating, to avoid the destruction of antibodies.
After feeding the colostrum, feed milk substitutes for 4-5 hours. The time is too long and the newborn lamb is weak, increasing the difficulty of sucking milk.
Milk replacer has at least the following characteristics: 1. Digestive utilization rate is high, 2. Nutritional value is close to goat's milk, less digestive disturbances, 3. Easy to mix and mix, 4. Add ingredients well suspended. In pastoral areas, milk is a common substitute for lambs, and dairy goat milk can also be used as a milk replacer. At present, there are many domestic manufacturers of lamb milk substitutes that can be tested and selected for use.
When breast-feeding, a single lamb can use a clean beer bottle to put on a baby pacifier, and the person holds the bottle, so that the lamb can stand to feed. When there are many lambs, you can open the hole on the underside of the iron or plastic bucket, insert and fix the teat, and fix it on the wall so that the lamb can pick it up.
The milk temperature for artificial breastfeeding is not the primary consideration. Warm milk and cool milk are good, but special attention must be paid. First, the lamb eats warm milk, eats fast, and eats much more. If the first manual feeding of warm milk, then change to cool milk, the lamb can not adapt, may refuse to eat. Therefore, the first several times, especially when feeding for the first time, should be considered before and after the temperature of the milk for the whole period of manual feeding. Second, warm milk to 37 °C is appropriate, cold milk to 0-4 °C is appropriate, generally feeding with a bottle, it is easy to achieve a fixed amount of food, you can use warm milk, fed with a milk bucket, lamb free access, compared with cool milk Suitable.
The room temperature for artificial lambs is 20°C, and newborn lambs can be raised to 28°C. When the room temperature is low and falls below 10°C, the lamb lacks the protection of the ewes, which regulates the consumption of energy in order to balance its own body temperature, affect the growth and development, and reduce the effect of artificial feeding.
The first time the lambs were fed with milk bottles was not going well, the lambs did not establish good sucking behavior, which increased the troubles of feeding later. Therefore, first-time feeding is the beginning of tuning the Lamb and must be valued.
The artificially suckled lamb was fed with feed and water for 1-2 weeks. During this period, the amount of material consumed by the lamb is not important, and the key is to exercise the rumen and establish an eating behavior as early as possible, so that by 3-4 weeks of age it will have the ability to digest solid feed, laying the foundation for weaning.
After the lambs were stopped feeding milk replacer, the intake of nutrients decreased, and most of them would have a growth arrest period of 7-10 days. At this time, we should try to eat more lambs, especially the first few days of weaning, try our best to: 1. Do not change the layout of the original circle, maintain the original feeding trough, the location of the sink, should not change the lambs, 2. Does not change the original feeding methods and types. After 1 week, when the growth stagnation of the lamb is alleviated, the amount of protein feed is appropriately reduced.
1. The significance of early weaning Lamb early weaning technology is an important part of efficient sheep production. The early weaning of lambs has four aspects. Third, early weaning can enable lambs to be placed in an artificially regulated nutrient environment as soon as possible, which is conducive to maximizing the Lamb’s early production potential, which is conducive to the growth and development of lambs and the fight against natural disasters. Second, early weaning can be shortened. Lamb production cycle can shorten the time from the traditional 8-10 months to 3-4 months for lambs to be listed and produce high-quality lamb meat according to market demand to improve the production efficiency of lambs. Third, the lambs achieve early weaning. , will help to implement efficient high-frequency reproduction in the ewes, and fourth, the early weaning of the lamb not only greatly reduces the cost of raising the ewes, but also helps the ewes advance physiological and physical recovery. The breeding season for the next breeding season lays a good foundation.
2. Physiological Basis of Early Weaning The postpartum milk yield of the ewes reaches its highest peak in 2-4 weeks, and the milk yield in 8 weeks is equivalent to 75% of the total milk production in the whole period. Since then, it has dropped significantly. The key to the success of early weaning in lambs is the condition of rumen development. One of the favorable factors for the early feeding and supplementation of lambs is the use of incomplete rumen development and relatively weak microbial action. The solid feed is broken into the stomach through the rumen and converted into glucose, which has high feed utilization rate. The second is Supplying solid feed can promote rumen development. Even if the ewes have high lactation, if the lamb is not supplemented by early feeding, the ruminal development will be poor. If we cannot complete the excessive feeding from high milk supply and low supplementation to low milk supply before weaning, growth stagnation will inevitably occur. Affect the early weaning effect. Therefore, the amount of supplementation the lamb can digest is a very useful indicator for weaning. The biggest difficulty in early superweaning is that of artificial breastfeeding.
3. Methods of Early Weaning of Lambs The first step in the early weaning of lambs is to train lambs to eat at an early age. Set up a fence at a fixed location, built-in feeding trough, ewes can not enter, the lamb can enter. Mothers and children can also be divided into groups to separate lambs and train them individually. When training for eating, various methods can be used, such as appropriate short-term restrictions on breast-feeding, supplementation of milk-fat feed when the lambs are hungry, or induction with liquid milk substitutes, and gradual transition to feeding solid feeds.
Lambs start eating as early as possible, although the intake is limited before the age of 2-3 weeks, but eating a very small amount of solid feed from early age has a great effect on the establishment of rumen function and feeding behavior. Early-age training for eating has a long-term effect on promoting the growth of lambs.
Generally start from 7-10 months of age to start feeding, 10-15 months of age began to feed, gradually increase the amount of feed, feeding the total amount of feed to the lamb can be eaten in 20-30 minutes is appropriate. Each lamb starts with 400-450 grams per day until it consumes an average of 9-14 kg of feed per lamb at the time of weaning. With the gradual increase of the lamb's feed intake, the number of lambs to be suckled should also gradually decrease, eventually transitioning to complete weaning, and the weaning time depends on the early diet and the growth and development of the lamb. Industrialized sheep require complete weaning at 20-25 months of age.
4. It is very important that the lambs' early weaning diets, milking ingredients, and diet composition require the palatability of the early lambs to eat their diets. This is because the lambs have poor ability to differentiate feeds, and they must rely on suitability to attract lambs to eat. After switching to feedstuffs, it is necessary to switch to milk-fed feeds for immediate supplementation, which can not overemphasize palatability. The emphasis is on ensuring the quantity of energy and the quality of eggs. Good feed for early lambs has bean cake, which not only improves the palatability of the diet, but also increases the amount of protein, followed by hay. Wolfberry grains and corn are also good palatability feeds. Dietary diets made from earthworms, bean cakes and molasses are also good palatability.
The general requirements for the early weaning of lambs are: the first to be good palatability, to ensure that enough to eat, the second is high nutritional value, especially protein and energy, the third is the low cost, that is, the lamb's dietary ingredients, The requirement is fast fermentation in the rumen and less crude fiber content. When combining, attention should be paid to: 1. Protein is not less than 15%, 2. Feeding pellet feed can increase feed intake, increase daily weight gain, particle diameter is 0.4-0.6 cm, 3. Antibiotics should be added to diet The 100 kg diet was measured at 4 grams. The method of supplementing diets for lambs at early age can refer to the formula of lamb diet supplemented with lambs recommended by the American NRC.
The replenishment of grazing lambs is mainly based on a single grain, or is fed with dairy sheep pellets, and some protein feeds are appropriately added according to the growth of pasture.
5. Artificial nursing The first step in manual nursing is the selection and feeding of milk substitutes. The early weaning of lambs must be after the beginning of the period of colostrum, that is, 24 hours after birth, because they do not eat colostrum and switch to other regular milk, the lambs do not show abnormalities at that time. The problem is that during the rearing period , It is certain that the lamb has not eaten colostrum before artificially assisting the lamb to suck the colostrum of other ewes 2-3 times, or manually squeeze the colostrum or cow colostrum, and the amount of 300 grams is within 12-18 hours before weaning. Feed 3 times. Use cow colostrum should be handled properly. Before use, warm up at room temperature, avoid heating, to avoid the destruction of antibodies.
After feeding the colostrum, feed milk substitutes for 4-5 hours. The time is too long and the newborn lamb is weak, increasing the difficulty of sucking milk.
Milk replacer has at least the following characteristics: 1. Digestive utilization rate is high, 2. Nutritional value is close to goat's milk, less digestive disturbances, 3. Easy to mix and mix, 4. Add ingredients well suspended. In pastoral areas, milk is a common substitute for lambs, and dairy goat milk can also be used as a milk replacer. At present, there are many domestic manufacturers of lamb milk substitutes that can be tested and selected for use.
When breast-feeding, a single lamb can use a clean beer bottle to put on a baby pacifier, and the person holds the bottle, so that the lamb can stand to feed. When there are many lambs, you can open the hole on the underside of the iron or plastic bucket, insert and fix the teat, and fix it on the wall so that the lamb can pick it up.
The milk temperature for artificial breastfeeding is not the primary consideration. Warm milk and cool milk are good, but special attention must be paid. First, the lamb eats warm milk, eats fast, and eats much more. If the first manual feeding of warm milk, then change to cool milk, the lamb can not adapt, may refuse to eat. Therefore, the first several times, especially when feeding for the first time, should be considered before and after the temperature of the milk for the whole period of manual feeding. Second, warm milk to 37 °C is appropriate, cold milk to 0-4 °C is appropriate, generally feeding with a bottle, it is easy to achieve a fixed amount of food, you can use warm milk, fed with a milk bucket, lamb free access, compared with cool milk Suitable.
The room temperature for artificial lambs is 20°C, and newborn lambs can be raised to 28°C. When the room temperature is low and falls below 10°C, the lamb lacks the protection of the ewes, which regulates the consumption of energy in order to balance its own body temperature, affect the growth and development, and reduce the effect of artificial feeding.
The first time the lambs were fed with milk bottles was not going well, the lambs did not establish good sucking behavior, which increased the troubles of feeding later. Therefore, first-time feeding is the beginning of tuning the Lamb and must be valued.
The artificially suckled lamb was fed with feed and water for 1-2 weeks. During this period, the amount of material consumed by the lamb is not important, and the key is to exercise the rumen and establish an eating behavior as early as possible, so that by 3-4 weeks of age it will have the ability to digest solid feed, laying the foundation for weaning.
After the lambs were stopped feeding milk replacer, the intake of nutrients decreased, and most of them would have a growth arrest period of 7-10 days. At this time, we should try to eat more lambs, especially the first few days of weaning, try our best to: 1. Do not change the layout of the original circle, maintain the original feeding trough, the location of the sink, should not change the lambs, 2. Does not change the original feeding methods and types. After 1 week, when the growth stagnation of the lamb is alleviated, the amount of protein feed is appropriately reduced.