Blood orange is a variant of orange, because flesh resembles the color of blood, belongs to navel oranges, commonly known as red orange. Fresh blood orange pulp and sap color dark red bloody, sweet and juicy, fragrant aroma, smaller than ordinary orange, China is mainly distributed in Sichuan Zizhong, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jiangxi, Zhejiang and other places.
The difference between blood orange and ordinary navel orange
1, size
Blood orange head is relatively small, generally about 60mm in diameter, the maximum does not exceed 75mm, while navel orange head is relatively large, most of the diameter of about 85mm, and some can reach 100mm.
2, shape
The shape of the blood orange is slightly round and flat, while the navel is oval and has a navel at the tail.
3, peel color
Blood orange peel is orange-red or purple-red, the surface is not smooth, or has a small pit; common navel orange is golden yellow.
4, mature time
Blood oranges mature later than normal navel oranges, blood oranges mature around New Year's Day, and normal navel oranges mature around the end of November.
5, taste
Blood oranges are sweet and sour, and have more water than normal navel oranges.
6, flesh color
Blood orange pulp is rich in anthocyanin, which is purple-red and has obvious red stripes and rich aroma.
7, nutritional value
Blood orange has higher nutritional value than ordinary navel oranges. Besides being rich in Vitamin C, it is also rich in anthocyanins, vitamin E, beta-carotene, flavonoids, and minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, and potassium, which can effectively supplement various nutrients. .
8, diet efficacy
Anthocyanins in blood oranges are rarely found in citrus fruits. They are glycocalyx compounds formed by the combination of anthocyanins and monosaccharides. They have antioxidant, anti-radiation, and prevent cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. . Food blood orange can also eliminate eye fatigue, protect eyesight; improve dull yellow skin, promote cell regeneration, prevent premature aging; blood orange also has moist blood, promote blood circulation, thereby improving anemia and cold hands and feet, it is suitable for the elderly For children and pregnant women.
Plant extraction process
1. Select plants/herbs. No more than ancient prescriptions, prescriptions, folk herbs to find. At present, common and uncommon herbs have been studied. At present, it is mostly to increase the amount of medicinal materials to extract and separate components with low content, or to find medicinal plants that have never been studied from miao medicine, Tibetan medicine, Mongolian medicine, Africa, Latin America and other places.
2. The extraction. Solvent petroleum ether, n-hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, acetone, ethanol, methanol, water (low polarity → high polarity). Daily medicine decoction effective, water and ethanol and other solvents with large polarity, such as artemisinin boiling ineffective extraction with petroleum ether and other solvents with small polarity. Common medicinal materials water/alcohol/ether to go through, separation and identification of more compounds.
3. The separation. This is the most important work. In the solution extracted from the second step, there are dozens of compounds, usually by column chromatography, which is often referred to as the column flushing. It's a lot of work, it's boring, it's low tech. A master's student might do this every day for two years. The column for separating compounds, as shown below, is as large as 2 meters high and as small as 10 centimeters. Change the solvent condition of mobile phase, change the material of column, different conditions and different separation principles of column repeatedly punching, can be separated from the monomer compound.
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