In the following, we will introduce to you in accordance with the growth cycle of Guosang what we will do in the course of the year.
Budding management
Pest control. In late March, the fruit mulberry entered the budding stage, which is also the period of multiple insect pests. Spray 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate or 40% dimethoate EC 1000-fold dilution to control leafhoppers and aphids. If Sangtianni is found to be harmful to the branches, the larvae can be used for injections such as pod injections or drug sticks. Adults can be harvested manually.
Reasonable sparse buds. The budding shoots are usually carried out when the shoots grow to about 20 cm. In accordance with the requirements for leaving 1 to 2 buds per Mulberry boxing, and leaving 10 to 15 buds per plant, good robust buds should be kept in place and small weak excess buds should be removed.
Timely watering. In the spring budding period, it is the peak water demand period of fruit mulberry. If the weather is dry, it must be watered in time.
Flowering period management
Top-dressing fruit fertilizer. The beginning of spring in April is the fruiting period of the flowering. This time, it is necessary to top-up the once-expanded fruit fertilizer. In order to make the young fruit expand quickly, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary compound fertilizer of 15 to 20 kg per acre shall be applied. Since then, the use of thiophanate-methyl for foliar sprays is beneficial to improving the sugar content and color of mulberry, and it is best to use extra-root fertilizers in the evening.
Increase ventilation and light transmission. In late April to early May, when the mulberry fruit is ripe, the denser mulberry leaves in the middle and lower parts of the fruit mulberry should be properly removed to enhance ventilation and light transmission and increase the mulberry sugar content.
Pest Control. The diseases that cause damage to fruit mulberry include brown spot, anthracnose, powdery mildew, sclerotinia, etc. The pests mainly include mulberry caterpillar, mulberry ulula, leafhopper, and mulberry. In order to ensure the safety of fruit products, artificial and biological control should be the mainstay. It is best to use high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-residue pesticides for chemical control.
Fruit mulberry sclerotinia is commonly known as ginkgo disease. It is one of the major diseases that damage fruit mulberry. It mainly harms mulberry sclerotia and winterizes sclerotia. The sclerotia landed along with the mulberry, and when the mulberry flowered at the beginning of April the following year, the soil sclerotia gave birth to the ascitium plate and ascospores. The spores spread along with the wind and invade the mulberry flower, which endangered the fruit mulberry. If improperly controlled, it will seriously affect the quality and yield of mulberry. Therefore, comprehensive measures must be taken to strictly control. Below, we come to understand the comprehensive prevention and treatment of sclerotinia sclerotiorum.
Agricultural control measures:
(1) Drainage and dehumidification. Make the fruit mulberry garden open and close the ditch, ensure that the rain stops dry, no water, reduce the humidity in the field, reduce the breeding opportunities for germs.
(2) Plowing the garden. In winter, the dead leaves in the garden are removed in time and burned in time; tillage and weeding are used to bury sclerotia.
(3) pruning shine. In the late winter and early spring, the weak sticks of the dead branches must be cut in time to allow the mulberry garden to be airy and clear, to kill the pathogens, and to increase the distance between the branches to prevent the fruits from touching each other and infecting the germs.
Chemical control measures:
Require early application of pesticides and prevention. For the first dose of the first week before and after March 20, sprouts were sprayed with 2000 times potassium permanganate on branches and ground. The second time when the sorghum sprouted at the end of March, the trees and the ground were fully sprayed with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 600 times or 70% thiophanate 1000 times. Afterwards, alternate use of carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, sulfasulfuron, chlorothalonil and other antibacterial agents were sprayed once every 7 to 8 days until about May 1. In the event of rainy days, it is also necessary to apply the medicine immediately when the rain stops. Stop spraying before 15 days of fruit picking. Found that the disease should be promptly removed, brought out deep outside the park. ?
Mulberry harvesting
General mulberry matures in mid-May, when the mulberry from the red to purple, fruit stems from green to yellow when the mulberry has matured, should be promptly harvested in the early morning to prevent wind and fall off, and can extend the shelf life of 3 to 5 days. Mulberries ripened in batches and were harvested in batches. The harvest period was generally around 20 days.
Although the nutritional value of mulberry is high, it is not resistant to storage and transportation, so it is best to pick it by hand when harvesting. Before harvesting the mulberry fruit, the picking staff is better to put on the medical sterile gloves and then pick it again. For those mulberries that cannot be picked by hand, they can be harvested by shaking. When shaking the branches of the fruit mulberry by hand, spread the fruit on the ground with a clean plastic soft cloth or cloth. The harvested mulberry fruit should avoid squeezing and exposure, and be careful not to break the skin. After the manual selection and grading, they are first packed in small plastic boxes and then loaded into cartons. Generally, each box weighs 10 to 15 kilograms. After packaging, they should be shipped to the market for sale or processed.
Management after fruit harvesting
Summer cut. On the basis of the pruning of young trees, the third year combined with the summer harvest, the second branch was cut and cultivated at 100 cm from the ground. After germination, 2 to 3 buds were selected for growth on each branch. Planting 8-12 branches. After the summer cuts at the base of the branches each year, it will gradually develop into dry mulberry.
Fertilizer management. The harvest of fruits in May and June was completed, and top dressing was carried out in conjunction with rainfall to cultivate the strong fruit in the coming year. Fertilizer is dominated by organic fertilizers, with some compound fertilizers applied. The ratio of each nutrient component is preferably nitrogen:phosphorus:potassium=5:3:4. Fertilization methods include acupuncture, furrow application and application. Acupoint application applies to topdressing with inorganic fertilizers, 10cm deep, two holes; Gully applies to apply organic fertilizer and cake fat by opening shallow trenches at a distance of 40cm from the plants; application applies to organic liquid fertilizer and summer Fertilizer application, fertilization using the method of sowing. In addition, autumn and winter need to apply an organic fertilizer can be applied to cake or chicken manure 800 to 1000 kg. This time is also the peak period of fruit mulberry, if the weather is dry, watering in time. In addition, each year before freezing, it is necessary to carry out winter irrigation on the fruit mulberry field.
Correct pruning. Every year in June, when the fruit is harvested, all branches must be cut off from the base to reissue new shoots. Timely sparse dense twigs, weak branches, and concentrate good nutrition.
The right amount of leaf. Fruit mulberry not only can harvest mulberry fruit, but also can use mulberry leaf to raise silkworm. After harvesting of mulberry fruit, summer and autumn can be used as common mulberry leaves to raise silkworm, but it is necessary to pay attention to adopting and combining. When picking leaves, pick the leaves and keep the handles, do not injure the saplings. At the same time, the tip of the shoots should always retain 10 to 15 mulberry leaves to support the tree. Otherwise, it will have a great impact on the fruit production in the coming year.
Weeding and weeding. The cultivating and weeding can reduce weeds and fruit trees to compete for water, prevent soil moisture from evaporating, have water storage and soil conservation, inhibit salt and alkali, and increase soil fertility. In addition, cultivating and weeding can also eradicate overwintering hosts for pests and diseases. Therefore, one year should ensure that deep turning, summer and autumn to do a good job of cultivator weeding. When using herbicides, care should be taken to ensure that the species is selected accurately to ensure the safety of mulberry fields.
Winter cut. Cutting is to fully concentrate nutrients and improve the yield and quality of mulberry. Cutting tips only cut the tips of shoots 10 to 20 cm long, the time should be carried out after the mulberry leaves in late November to early January, early winter buds easily occur.
The above describes the planting techniques of Guosang. The fruit mulberry is mainly used for picking mulberries. It emphasizes the dual use of fruit and leaves, especially its fruit mulberry, which is both food and medicine. It is rich in nutrients, sweet and sour, and thirst-quenching. Diseases such as physical health and other effects. At the time of planting, farmers can combine the techniques introduced by us to adjust the yield of mulberry and leaves based on the technical measures of the fruiting density, cutting form, and fertilizer management, so as to achieve a double harvest of fruit and silkworm cocoon and improve fruit mulberry The comprehensive economic benefits.
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