The main diseases currently causing squash gourd are gray mold, sclerotinia, fruit rot and soft rot. The pathogens of the four diseases are different, and the symptoms after infesting the zucchini are also different.
Botrytis cinerea usually begins to invade with the withered streaks. The initial petals are water-stained and later become soft and rot. A brown-brown layer of mold is produced and the petals are rotted, wilted, shed, and then the bacteria gradually spread to young larvae. The affected area first becomes soft and rot, and a large number of gray mold layers develop afterwards.
Sclerotinia mainly infects stem vines and melons. When the melons became infected, they began to rot in the form of water stains, then softened, grew white hyphae, and scattered black rat sclerotia on lesions.
Sclerotinia and gray mold prevention and treatment methods and drug use are basically the same, can be used to decorate, spray and smoke agent fumigation combination of prevention and treatment. The first is to add 50% iprodione WP 500 times to prevent anthocyanin. The second is to spray 50% iprodione WP or 50% ethylene nucleus water dispersible granules 1000 times. The third is to use a 10% stencil net smoke agent 200 grams per mu after fencing. To avoid phytotoxicity of zucchini, smoking time should be selected in the middle of the night and ventilated the next morning.
The fruit rot occurs in zucchini, and the melons appear moist and rotten at the beginning of the disease. The middle and late disease ministers produce a white, slightly pink layer of thick mold. The diseased melon rots and the sap flows out of the diseased area. To control fruit rot, 72.2% of Promase can be used as a 600 times solution of hydrochloric acid or copper as high as 27.12% of basic copper sulfate as a 500 times solution.
In the early stage of the onset of soft rot, the diseased melons were brownish water stains, rapidly softened, and the internal tissues of the disease rot. The disease has a rapid rate of expansion. After the rot of the disease, the odor is emitted but no mildew is found. This is the biggest difference between gray mold, sclerotinia and fruit rot. Soft rot is a bacterial disease. The bacteria are transmitted by rain, irrigation water, and insects and are invaded by wounds. In the rainy days or when the dew is not dry, the pruning and farmland operations will be carried out. The damage to the base of the petiole will cause germs to infect and lead to soft rot. The main use of copper preparations for the control of soft rot is, for example, 50% copper carboxylate (500 times liquid copper), or 20% copper rosinate (500 to 800 times liquid). Control once every 7-10 days, continuous control 2 to 3 times, 3 to 5 days before harvest to stop medication.
For these four kinds of diseases, in addition to chemical control, it is necessary to strengthen management and pay attention to reducing the humidity in the greenhouse. When watering, dilute with water and choose to water at noon on sunny days. Even when it is cloudy, smoke should be used to prevent and treat diseases and avoid increasing the air humidity due to spraying. On the basis of maintaining the temperature in the shed, attention should be paid to enhancing ventilation.
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