First, the causes of tomato rot in greenhouses:
1. Soil humidity is a major factor. In winter greenhouses, low temperatures and high humidity reduce leaf transpiration. Overwatering can lead to cold soil with poor permeability, which hinders root development and causes root rot.
2. Root growth thrives best at night temperatures between 20-30°C. When the temperature drops below 13°C, the plant's physiological functions slow down. If plants are exposed to temperatures below 6-8°C for long periods, their growth stops completely. To avoid this, greenhouse night temperatures should be kept above 15°C, ensuring that the soil remains above 20°C.
3. For large tomatoes, the ideal day-night temperature difference is 25-28°C during the day and 16-20°C at night. If nighttime temperatures remain below 15°C for too long or daytime temperatures exceed 30°C, the underground roots can be damaged, while excessive transpiration above ground may cause wilting.
4. Repeated planting without proper crop rotation allows pathogens to accumulate in the soil. This increases the risk of bacterial wilt and blight, as well as damages soil structure and reduces its permeability.
Second, control methods:
1. Choosing disease-resistant varieties is crucial. Winter greenhouse tomatoes should be of the indeterminate type, with large fruits, cold tolerance, shade resistance, and strong disease resistance.
2. Using organic fertilizers improves soil quality. Clayey loam soils often have poor drainage and air circulation. Organic fertilizers not only provide balanced nutrition but also enhance soil structure, increase permeability, and reduce disease risks.
3. Before planting, it's important to sterilize the soil to eliminate pathogens. A common method is to till the soil to a depth of 20 cm, spray a bactericide, cover it with plastic film, and let the temperature rise to 50-60°C. Keep it covered for 5-7 days. This process can be repeated 2-3 times for better results.
4. Watering should be carefully managed. Due to low temperatures and limited evaporation, watering should be done every 7 days. The timing should follow the "cold stream tail, warm flow head" principle—avoid watering when it's cold or cloudy to prevent moisture buildup.
5. Increasing night temperatures is essential for successful greenhouse production. Thick insulation materials like straw mats help retain heat. Covering the greenhouse with double layers of plastic film at night helps maintain warmth and protects against rain and snow.
6. Proper ventilation is key to reducing humidity and preventing diseases. Especially after watering, ensure good airflow within the greenhouse while maintaining a stable temperature.
7. Long-term cultivation of the same crop leads to pathogen buildup. Crop rotation is an effective strategy to break disease cycles and maintain soil health.
Introduce and promote China pharmaceutical companies` APIs and intermediates to oversea market. Introduce and promote oversea pharmaceutical companies` API and intermediates to China market.
VOLSEN is capable and authorised to handle the import and export of pharmaceutical products globally - yet our expertise lies in importing from Korea
We import and export Functional Medicinal Products from Korea, working closely with our counterparts to ensure timely release from customs.
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