With the arrival of early spring, vegetables are entering a period of rapid growth. However, fluctuating temperatures, high humidity, and poor ventilation and light conditions can create an ideal environment for various plant diseases. To ensure healthy crop development, it's essential to enhance disease monitoring and implement effective prevention and treatment strategies. Below are some practical methods for managing common pepper diseases.
1. **Virus Disease Prevention and Control**:
Before seedling, planting, and flowering, spray a 0.1–0.3% zinc sulfate solution. Improve cultivation practices by increasing organic fertilizer use and applying potassium and phosphate fertilizers. Promptly control aphids to prevent virus transmission. For chemical control, use 5% Plant Disease Ling Shui Agent diluted 300 times or 20% Virus A WP diluted 400–500 times.
2. **Bacterial Blight Prevention**:
Strengthen field management by ensuring proper drainage, using three-channel irrigation systems, maintaining appropriate plant density, and applying balanced fertilization. Remove infected plants promptly. For chemical control, apply 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at 600 times dilution or 64% antivirus WP at 500 times.
3. **Sclerotinia Rot Prevention**:
In open fields, avoid waterlogging after rain and keep the soil loose through timely cultivation. In greenhouses, manage temperature and humidity carefully to prevent prolonged low-temperature and high-humidity conditions. For chemical control, use 70% Thiophanate-methyl at 1500 times or 50% Valine WP at 800 times.
4. **Phytophthora Blight Control**:
Practice crop rotation, use three-channel irrigation, and maintain proper planting height and fertilization. Drain excess water after rain and remove diseased plants immediately. For chemical control, apply 64% Antiviral M8 wettable powder at 400–500 times or 70% Thiophanate-methyl at 600–800 times.
By following these integrated approaches, farmers can significantly reduce the risk of disease outbreaks and ensure better yields and quality in their pepper crops. Regular monitoring and timely intervention are key to successful disease management.
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