In summer corn fields, common weeds include crabgrass, ironweed, amaranth, purslane, prickly senna, coriander, green foxtail, and volunteer wheat. These weeds can cause corn yield losses ranging from 10% to 30%, with severe infestations exceeding 50%. In recent years, the adoption of corn field weeding techniques has increased, leading to a rise in chemical weed control. However, challenges such as phytotoxicity and reduced herbicide effectiveness have emerged. Therefore, effective weed management in summer corn fields should combine tillage practices, soil conditions, and carefully selected herbicides to determine the optimal timing and dosage. Here are the key technical points:
1. Before sowing corn, especially in cases of white sowing or stubborn sowing, it is essential to apply a pre-emergence herbicide within 1–3 days after planting. Suitable options include amide herbicides like acetochlor, alachlor, butachlor, or propisochlor, either alone or in combination. If soil treatment is delayed or ineffective, post-emergence application can be done during the 3–5 leaf stage of the weeds. At this stage, sulfonylurea herbicides (e.g., nicosulfuron) or triazine herbicides (e.g., atrazine) can be applied. For each acre, 30–45 kg of water is recommended. In dry or hard-seeding conditions, increasing the water volume ensures better herbicide coverage and efficacy.
2. With a wide variety of herbicides available, it's crucial to choose products that come with all three necessary certifications and are produced by reputable manufacturers. This helps ensure quality and safety.
3. Use a high-quality sprayer, such as the "Guard" brand model, to avoid issues like leakage, uneven spray, or poor atomization. Herbicide sprayers should ideally be dedicated to prevent cross-contamination and maintain performance.
4. When spraying, use a back-and-forth or straight-line pattern for even coverage. Avoid overlapping or missing areas, which can reduce effectiveness or cause crop damage.
5. Avoid spraying on rainy, windy, or extremely hot days, as these conditions can reduce herbicide effectiveness or lead to drift-related phytotoxicity. If heavy rain occurs within 8 hours of spraying, reduce the spray volume to minimize runoff and maintain efficacy. Always follow label instructions and local guidelines for safe and effective weed control.
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