In recent years, the increasing prevalence of diseases and pests affecting small spring crops—especially wheat and rapeseed—has become a growing concern. This is largely due to the long-term accumulation of disease and insect sources, unchanged crop variety patterns, and favorable climatic conditions that allow multiple factors to interact. As a result, the incidence of these pests and diseases has been on the rise, posing serious threats to grain and oil production in the spring season. To address this issue, it's essential to enhance field monitoring and implement effective control measures. This includes improving the distribution of crop varieties, ensuring proper seed treatment, and optimizing field cultivation practices. Additionally, large-scale, unified pesticide application during critical growth stages should be carried out to minimize damage and protect the spring harvest.
Wheat stripe rust is one of the most destructive diseases affecting wheat crops, especially in recent years. It spreads rapidly over large areas and has caused significant economic losses. The initial infection usually occurs between November and December, when the disease infects fall seedlings and establishes a primary infection center. As temperatures rise in the spring, the disease spreads quickly under warm and humid conditions, leading to widespread outbreaks. To manage this effectively, it's crucial to implement pre-winter monitoring and early control measures. During the winter, intensified field surveys should be conducted in infected areas. If any infected leaves are found, immediate action must be taken to eradicate or contain the outbreak in the surrounding regions. In spring, based on species distribution, previous survey data, and annual prevalence patterns, along with weather forecasts, large-scale pesticide applications should be carried out before the peak of the epidemic. Commonly used fungicides include triadimefon and propiconazole, which have proven effective in controlling the spread of the disease. By adopting a proactive and coordinated approach, farmers can better protect their crops and ensure a successful spring harvest.
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