Lobster farming requires careful attention to several key factors to ensure a healthy and productive environment. First, creating an optimal habitat is essential. Lobsters are crustaceans with strong claws and a tendency to dig burrows, often found near the shoreline in shallow waters. They are sensitive to light and prefer darker conditions, so they tend to hide or retreat into their caves when exposed to bright light. To prevent escape, a 50-cm-high anti-escape net can be installed around the pond. Additionally, by mimicking their natural environment, farmers can enhance lobster survival. Planting 10–15% aquatic vegetation along the shallow edges of the pond provides shelter and reduces aggressive behavior, which helps minimize cannibalism among lobsters.
Water quality is another critical factor that directly influences lobster growth and health. Maintaining a pH level between 7.5 and 8.5, along with water clarity of 30–40 cm, supports a stable living environment. Regular water changes and the application of lime solution help keep the water clean and reduce the risk of disease. Proper water management not only promotes healthy development but also lowers the chances of molting issues and infections.
Feeding is equally important. Lobsters can become aggressive and even attack each other when food is scarce. Therefore, it's crucial to provide adequate feed. Their diet includes both plant-based and animal-based materials—such as wheat, aquatic grass, rapeseed cake, fish scraps, and livestock offal. The feeding schedule, quantity, and method should be adjusted based on lobster activity patterns and pond density to avoid waste and improve efficiency.
Lastly, scientific harvesting practices play a vital role in maximizing yield. Under suitable temperature and feeding conditions, juvenile lobsters can reach market size within 60–90 days. By releasing seedlings in March and starting harvests in June, farmers can stagger catches and sell lobsters at different sizes. This approach increases the catch rate, allows for better pricing, and ensures a more profitable operation. Overall, a combination of proper habitat setup, water management, feeding strategies, and timely harvesting leads to successful and sustainable lobster farming.
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