In the five years following China's accession to the WTO, rabbit meat exports experienced a significant decline. Prior to joining the WTO, the average export volume dropped by 66.3%, with the total value falling by 67.92%. The unit price of rabbit meat also decreased by 8.85%. In the first five months of 2007, China exported 2,682 tons of rabbit meat worth $8.094 million, with an average price of $3.02 per kilogram. Compared to the same period in 2006, the export volume fell by 13.7%, but the price per kilogram increased by 14.9%, leading to a 1.5% rise in total export value. What caused this drop?
First, the green barriers imposed by importing countries such as the EU played a major role. Shandong Province is the largest exporter of rabbit products in China. However, in January 2002, the EU suspended imports of Chinese rabbit meat and other food products, causing a loss of $100 million in export revenue and leaving 2,500 tons of rabbit meat unsold. After the EU lifted the ban in July 2004, China’s rabbit meat exports began to recover, with both volume and value increasing. By 2006, exports surpassed 10,000 tons. However, in January–May 2007, exports fell by 13.7% compared to the same period in 2006, indicating that the export situation was still not stable.
Second, the quality and safety of rabbit meat have been a growing concern. Most rabbit farming in China is still done by small-scale households, and the level of industrialization remains low. Risks of contamination can occur at various stages—before production (such as feed), during processing, and after production (in distribution). This lack of control over the supply chain has made it difficult for Chinese rabbit meat to meet international standards.
To address the decline in rabbit meat exports, several strategies should be considered. First, improving the quality of rabbit meat must be a priority. Efforts should focus on reducing drug residues and preventing pesticide contamination, aiming to produce safe, environmentally friendly rabbit products that meet global standards.
Second, expanding export channels is essential. While traditional markets like Western Europe, Japan, and South Korea remain important, new opportunities exist in the Middle East, including countries like Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Kuwait, and Libya, where rabbit meat consumption has grown in recent years. Currently, China has no significant presence in these markets, and exploring them could open up new avenues for growth.
Third, increasing domestic demand is crucial. China produces more than 500,000 tons of rabbit meat annually, yet only about 10,000 tons are exported. The majority is sold domestically. For example, Sichuan alone produces nearly 200,000 tons, which is mostly consumed locally. In contrast, per capita rabbit meat consumption in countries like France and Italy reaches 3–5 kilograms annually, while in China, it is only around 0.3 kilograms. With rising living standards, there is huge potential for domestic consumption. Additionally, after the summer of 2007, pork and egg prices rose sharply, but rabbit meat prices remained stable. Many people are still unaware of its health benefits. More awareness campaigns and consumer education are needed to promote rabbit meat as a nutritious and affordable option.
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