In recent years, the 4th Agricultural Division has utilized an interest-free loan from the Finnish government to acquire a batch of Valmet tractors, specifically the 8950 and 8550 models. While these machines have provided significant agricultural support, some issues have emerged during their operation. To ensure optimal performance and longevity, operators should pay close attention to several key aspects related to usage, maintenance, and servicing.
**1. Common Malfunctions of the Tractors**
- Cracks may appear at the weld seams of the fuel tank or transmission housing, leading to leaks of diesel or hydraulic oil.
- Early battery failure is frequently observed.
- The injection nozzle can rupture due to high pressure or improper fuel quality.
- The hydraulic lift arm may break under excessive load or improper use.
**2. Causes of the Issues**
- Cracking in the fuel tank's welds is often caused by the tractor being suspended from heavy agricultural equipment, especially when operating on uneven terrain. This creates excessive stress on the tractor’s frame.
- Battery damage typically occurs due to prolonged inactivity without proper charging, overcharging, blocked vent holes, low electrolyte levels, or imbalanced acid concentration.
- Injection nozzle ruptures are usually the result of overheating and vaporization of diesel fuel. Regular cleaning of the fuel tank and proper installation of the oil-water separator are essential.
- Hydraulic lift arm failures are often linked to overloaded rear-mounted implements and rough field conditions, which put extra strain on the system.
**3. Operational Recommendations**
- After heavy-duty or high-temperature operations, it is important not to immediately turn off the engine. Instead, let the tractor run at a moderate throttle for 3 to 5 minutes to allow the temperature to drop before shutting down.
- Avoid running the engine at low throttle (below 800 RPM) for extended periods. This can lead to poor lubrication, reduced oil pressure, and potential damage to the turbocharger.
- Never attempt to start the tractor with a cold engine. Allow it to warm up properly before engaging in any work.
- Before starting a tractor that has been parked for a long time, make sure to lubricate the turbocharger or run the engine briefly to ensure proper oil circulation.
- Minimize unnecessary maintenance of the air filter. Avoid using excessive air pressure to clean the filter core, as this can damage the internal components.
By following these guidelines, operators can significantly reduce the risk of mechanical failure and extend the lifespan of their Valmet tractors. Proper care and attention to detail will go a long way in ensuring smooth and efficient agricultural operations.
*(Xinjiang Bingtuan 4th Agricultural Division, 77th Production Branch, Song Bing Station)*
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