Every year on the eve of autumn, many peasant friends ask friends and friends around the world to look for wheat varieties in order to have a good harvest in the coming year. However, due to the limited conditions, many farmers do not know enough about the wheat varieties, and it is easy to go wrong in the selection of varieties and bring undue losses to production.
One of the errors: One-sided innovation, curiosity. New varieties generally refer to multi-year inspections after regional trials and production tests, and have been examined (recognized) by the Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee, and have been excellent in terms of yield, quality, and resistance. However, in the market, some units and individuals often propagate the strains that have just been nurtured, have not undergone district trials and production test tests to farmers in the name of new varieties, and some even have eliminated the strains as “new varietiesâ€. "Or" a large number of "special" varieties of sales, the results lead to reduced or absolute production after the introduction; in 1989, some people introduced "American wolf tail wheat", "Germany, tons of wheat", introduced in 1993 "super large spike wheat" and all were frozen, The major economic loss is a profound lesson.
Countermeasures: Purchase of approved varieties. The competent department of seeds must carry out rigorous regional tests and production trials before the certification and promotion of varieties, and the varieties purchased through approval can generally ensure high yields and stable production. Unqualified strains can only be used as collocation varieties for trials or demonstrations, and must not be widely promoted as headlines. For the so-called "special breeds," do not buy or introduce products. Because the breeds that really have value promotion, the seed authorities will take the initiative to review (recognize) them; as for some advertisements, it is said that a variety has already been a scientific research unit ( Or the expert's appraisal or certification can't be used as a basis for promotion. Only the approval of the Crop Variety Approval Committee at all levels is the only legal appraisal.
The second misunderstanding: Do not look at the scope of adaptation, blindly pursuing large-spike varieties. Large-spike wheat generally has greater potential for yield increase, but it does not mean that high-yielding wheat can be grown. Because wheat varieties are territorial, good varieties in the field may not be suitable for local planting conditions. For example, Super-spike wheat 84 plus (79)—3—1 performed well in the Guanzhong area of ​​Shaanxi Province.
However, performance in other regions after introduction is not ideal.
Countermeasures: According to local production ecological conditions, strictly examine the range of adaptation of the species. Every autumn, the competent department of seeds must publicly recommend a batch of wheat varieties through newspapers and other news media for use by various localities. According to the varieties, the competent department of seeds can introduce “according to maps and mapsâ€; non-seedling authorities often promote only when introducing varieties. Do not talk about the scope of adaptation, or even "do not select the climate, do not choose the soil", which is contrary to the laws of science, do not believe. In addition, when introducing foreign varieties, it is necessary to insist on testing first and then promoting so as to avoid causing losses.
Misunderstanding 3: Do not look at land conditions, one-sided pursuit of high fertilizer varieties. Each species has its own adaptability to soil fertility. Only when planted with high-fertilizer land, high-fertilizer varieties can exert their potential for yield increase; if they are planted in low- and middle-yield fields, they often exhibit premature senescence, dryness, lack of grain, and low powder yield. Yield does not go up. In the same way, Chinese fertilizer and dry land varieties are planted on high-fertilizer lands, because their yield-increasing potential is limited, and they tend to fall down, and their yields do not increase.
Countermeasures: According to the conditions of the land, select the species that are suitable for the level of yield. When examining the yield level of a variety, it is also necessary to use the introduction of the variety issued by the seed authority, and it is impossible to listen to the one-sided propaganda of the non-seedling authorities.
Misunderstanding 4: Only look at the output, not the quality. Wheat grain quality directly affects the economic benefits of wheat production, affecting the quality of flour and its products and the benefits of the food industry. However, when selecting wheat varieties in many places, they often only look at the level of production and do not look at the quality indicators. When the results are produced as commercial grain, the price of the wheat varieties is much worse than that of high-quality wheat.
Countermeasures: According to the recommendations of the seed authorities, comprehensive consideration of soil conditions, yield levels, and grain quality should be used to select high-quality wheat varieties with high yield and good quality.
One of the errors: One-sided innovation, curiosity. New varieties generally refer to multi-year inspections after regional trials and production tests, and have been examined (recognized) by the Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee, and have been excellent in terms of yield, quality, and resistance. However, in the market, some units and individuals often propagate the strains that have just been nurtured, have not undergone district trials and production test tests to farmers in the name of new varieties, and some even have eliminated the strains as “new varietiesâ€. "Or" a large number of "special" varieties of sales, the results lead to reduced or absolute production after the introduction; in 1989, some people introduced "American wolf tail wheat", "Germany, tons of wheat", introduced in 1993 "super large spike wheat" and all were frozen, The major economic loss is a profound lesson.
Countermeasures: Purchase of approved varieties. The competent department of seeds must carry out rigorous regional tests and production trials before the certification and promotion of varieties, and the varieties purchased through approval can generally ensure high yields and stable production. Unqualified strains can only be used as collocation varieties for trials or demonstrations, and must not be widely promoted as headlines. For the so-called "special breeds," do not buy or introduce products. Because the breeds that really have value promotion, the seed authorities will take the initiative to review (recognize) them; as for some advertisements, it is said that a variety has already been a scientific research unit ( Or the expert's appraisal or certification can't be used as a basis for promotion. Only the approval of the Crop Variety Approval Committee at all levels is the only legal appraisal.
The second misunderstanding: Do not look at the scope of adaptation, blindly pursuing large-spike varieties. Large-spike wheat generally has greater potential for yield increase, but it does not mean that high-yielding wheat can be grown. Because wheat varieties are territorial, good varieties in the field may not be suitable for local planting conditions. For example, Super-spike wheat 84 plus (79)—3—1 performed well in the Guanzhong area of ​​Shaanxi Province.
However, performance in other regions after introduction is not ideal.
Countermeasures: According to local production ecological conditions, strictly examine the range of adaptation of the species. Every autumn, the competent department of seeds must publicly recommend a batch of wheat varieties through newspapers and other news media for use by various localities. According to the varieties, the competent department of seeds can introduce “according to maps and mapsâ€; non-seedling authorities often promote only when introducing varieties. Do not talk about the scope of adaptation, or even "do not select the climate, do not choose the soil", which is contrary to the laws of science, do not believe. In addition, when introducing foreign varieties, it is necessary to insist on testing first and then promoting so as to avoid causing losses.
Misunderstanding 3: Do not look at land conditions, one-sided pursuit of high fertilizer varieties. Each species has its own adaptability to soil fertility. Only when planted with high-fertilizer land, high-fertilizer varieties can exert their potential for yield increase; if they are planted in low- and middle-yield fields, they often exhibit premature senescence, dryness, lack of grain, and low powder yield. Yield does not go up. In the same way, Chinese fertilizer and dry land varieties are planted on high-fertilizer lands, because their yield-increasing potential is limited, and they tend to fall down, and their yields do not increase.
Countermeasures: According to the conditions of the land, select the species that are suitable for the level of yield. When examining the yield level of a variety, it is also necessary to use the introduction of the variety issued by the seed authority, and it is impossible to listen to the one-sided propaganda of the non-seedling authorities.
Misunderstanding 4: Only look at the output, not the quality. Wheat grain quality directly affects the economic benefits of wheat production, affecting the quality of flour and its products and the benefits of the food industry. However, when selecting wheat varieties in many places, they often only look at the level of production and do not look at the quality indicators. When the results are produced as commercial grain, the price of the wheat varieties is much worse than that of high-quality wheat.
Countermeasures: According to the recommendations of the seed authorities, comprehensive consideration of soil conditions, yield levels, and grain quality should be used to select high-quality wheat varieties with high yield and good quality.
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