Bird tail flowers

**Bird's Tail Flower (Crossandra infundibuliformis)** The Bird's Tail Flower, scientifically known as *Crossandra infundibuliformis*, is a striking ornamental plant commonly referred to as the "Cannon Flower" due to its unique shape. It belongs to the genus *Crossandra* in the family Acanthaceae and is known for its vibrant, long-lasting blooms that resemble the tail of a bird. This plant is also sometimes called "Chrysanthemum" because of the way its flowers open. **Morphological Features:** This perennial evergreen shrub typically grows between 30 to 90 cm tall. Its stems are straight and covered with fine hairs, while the leaves are ovate or lance-shaped, measuring around 10 to 15 cm in length. The leaves are dark green with a slightly wavy edge and have a glossy texture. The flowers are arranged in dense, upright spikes and come in shades of orange, orange-red, or yellow. Each flower has a funnel-shaped corolla with a narrow tube and five rounded petals at the opening. The flowering period is exceptionally long, lasting from early summer through late autumn. **Growth Habits:** Bird’s Tail Flower thrives in full sun but can tolerate partial shade. For optimal growth, it should receive at least 2–3 hours of direct sunlight daily. It prefers well-drained, fertile soil and can be grown in a mix of organic potting soil or inorganic materials like perlite or sand. Regular watering is essential, especially during the summer months when the soil should remain consistently moist. In winter, the plant can tolerate slightly drier conditions. After blooming, it’s recommended to cut back the stems to two-thirds their length to maintain a neat appearance. Propagation is best done through stem cuttings taken from the mother plant, ideally 8 cm above the base. Cuttings should be placed in a mix of sand or perlite and will root within three weeks. Alternatively, seeds can be sown in March and transplanted into larger pots as they grow. **Landscape Use:** Bird’s Tail Flower is highly heat-resistant and blooms continuously, making it a popular choice for landscaping in subtropical and tropical regions such as Florida, southern California, Texas, South Asia, Australia, South America, South Africa, and Southern Europe. It is one of the few plants that can thrive in hot urban environments. With its compact growth habit and bright foliage, it is ideal for both indoor potted plants and outdoor gardens. **Main Species:** - *Crossandra infundibuliformis*: Native to Peru, this variety is small and bushy, reaching about 40 cm in height. Its funnel-shaped flowers are orange-yellow, with a diameter of around 3 cm. - *Crossandra infundibuliformis 'Monawallhed'*: A hybrid with dark green leaves and dense, orange-red blooms. - *Crossandra nolitica* (Nile): Originating from East Africa, this species grows up to 60 cm tall and has 2.5 cm-wide flowers with a slender tube and five circular petals in a brick-red color. - *Crossandra undulata*: Native to the East Indies, this variety can grow up to 90 cm tall with large, orange-red flowers and dark green, stalked leaves. Whether used as a garden plant, indoor decoration, or for floral arrangements, the Bird’s Tail Flower adds a splash of color and vibrancy to any space. Its easy care and long bloom time make it a favorite among gardeners and plant enthusiasts alike.

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