In the case of respiratory diseases affecting growing pigs in Rouxi pig farms, the situation is more severe compared to nursery pigs. Farmers have reported that despite using numerous drugs, the results have been unsatisfactory, leading them to say, “No good things have been spent on good money.†Since 2005, swine piglets have shown symptoms such as pneumococcal cough and individual cases of ear tip necrosis. Growing pigs over 25 kg primarily exhibit coughing, labored breathing, and skin rashes. Compared to the loose stools seen in 2005, the current main symptoms are respiratory issues, including coughing and fecal discharge. In summer and autumn, many pigs show redness on their skin surfaces.
The farm’s vaccination program is relatively limited. Pigs are typically vaccinated against Mycoplasma, classical swine fever, and pseudorabies, but many are not vaccinated for PRRS or PCV. The immunity of the herd is further weakened by factors such as poor management and environmental stress.
Observations from the farrowing area, nursery, and weaning rooms indicate that respiratory symptoms are most pronounced in the growing pig houses. Almost every pen has pigs with dry coughs and no mucus, along with fecal discharge. Affected pigs display labored abdominal breathing, appear lethargic, have watery eyes, some show purple ears, and their body temperature ranges from 39°C to 40.5°C. They eat little or nothing, and their feces are thin and watery. Upon dissection, pigs with purple ears show widespread lung hemorrhaging, with fibrinous exudates causing the lungs to stick to the chest cavity. Fibrin deposits were also found on the serosal surface, leading to intestinal adhesions and enlarged lymph nodes without visible bleeding. Based on clinical signs and post-mortem findings, a preliminary diagnosis of Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex (PRDC) can be made.
Last year, similar symptoms were observed across many farms, with conditions like asthma and infectious pleuropneumonia being common. These were often linked to subclinical blue ear disease infections. Immunosuppression caused by mycotoxins was also identified as a contributing factor.
To prevent such issues, it's essential to improve feeding and management practices. New breeding pigs should be isolated for over 40 days before entering the herd. Sick pigs must be separated and culled promptly. All-in-all-out systems should be strictly followed in farrowing and nursery areas. Proper cleaning and disinfection of facilities is crucial—after emptying, tanks should be cleaned and disinfected thoroughly, left vacant for at least seven days, and then restocked. It is important not to move sick pigs into the next batch.
Stocking density plays a significant role in disease occurrence; if conditions are poor, density should be reduced. Ventilation and temperature control are equally important. Minimizing stress by reducing the number of times pigs are moved or mixed is critical. Weaned pigs should remain in the nursery for seven days before moving to grower pens, and vaccines should be avoided on the day of weaning. Transfers between stages should be gradual.
Immunization programs should be tailored to local conditions and disease prevalence, with strict adherence to the schedule. Strategic drug prevention is also necessary. Sows should receive medication such as Porcine or Porcine for two weeks after mating and two weeks before and after farrowing, administered weekly or every two weeks. Boars and replacement gilts can be given Pig Chuankang or Zhiyuanqing every three to four weeks. Growing pigs can be treated with Asthma Stop, Asian Epidemic, and Conservation. For newborns, a nasal spray like Chuankeji Stop or Sub-outbreak should be used one day after birth and again at seven days old. Before and after weaning, Kang can be added to feed for seven days.
Nursery and growing pigs should receive Pig Chuankang or Zhiyuanqing for one week after group transfers. Finishing pigs should be given Mei Fei 40 days before slaughter. Treatment should be distinct from preventive measures. Recommended treatments include Blue Ring Shuangbo, Fulaixin, Huaxi Chaoli, and Asian Epidemiology injections. If viral diseases like blue ear are present, combining these drugs with neonatal treatments is advised.
In farms with high mycotoxin levels, a mildew-contaminated feed should be given to the entire herd once every other month. Individual treatment combined with group medication is essential. Severely affected pigs should receive intramuscular injections or nasal sprays. Others can be treated via water or feed. After symptoms subside, a full course of treatment should continue to prevent recurrence. If respiratory disease incidence is high, pulsed medication at regular intervals—such as one week of treatment followed by two to three weeks of withdrawal—can effectively reduce disease prevalence and control outbreaks.
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