Scientific name: Prunus x cistenena
Family: Rosaceae, Genus: Prunus
Species: Deciduous shrubs or small trees
Origin:
The purple cherry, also known as the purple leaf dwarf cherry, is native to the United States. It was introduced to China in the late 1980s. In 1997, the Chinese Academy of Forestry launched a comprehensive study on its morphological features, ecological habits, cultivation techniques, propagation methods, and stress resistance. Researchers conducted regional trials and found that this variety thrives well across both northern and southern China.
Morphological Characteristics:
This plant is a hybrid between the purple peony and the dwarf cherry, typically reaching a height of about 2.5 meters. Its leaves are alternate, long ovate or ovate-elliptic in shape, with an acute apex and broadly lobed base. The leaf margins are irregularly bluntly toothed, and the leaves are red or purple, with a deeper red on the underside. New leaves have a bright purple color, while the branchlets are purplish red. The flowers are solitary, small, pale pink, with five petals. Flowering occurs mainly from April to May.
One of the unique features of the purple dwarf cherry is its consistent purple color throughout the growing season. From the time new leaves emerge until they fall, the foliage remains purplish red, making it more striking than other purple-leaved species such as red leaf plum, purple leaf plum, beautiful plum, or new bright purple plum. This has made it a popular choice for ornamental landscaping.
Growth Habits:
The purple dwarf cherry prefers full sun and warm, humid climates. It is adaptable to various soil types, including well-drained sandy loam or light clay. It is hardy and drought-tolerant, capable of surviving winter in sheltered areas in Liaoning and southern Jilin with favorable weather conditions. Like other members of the Rosaceae family, it has strong branching ability, is highly responsive to pruning, and can be easily shaped into desired forms.
Scientists have discovered that the persistent purple color of the leaves is primarily due to the presence of phytocyanin. Unlike many other plants, where chlorophyll increases as leaves mature, the purple dwarf cherry maintains a high concentration of anthocyanins, especially in young leaves. This gives the new foliage a vibrant, eye-catching purple hue that sets it apart from other purple-leaved plants.
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