Daylilies, also known as Hemerocallis or "Liancao" in Chinese, have a long history of cultivation in China. They are not only ornamental flowers but also edible vegetables with high nutritional value and various health benefits. Proper fertilization is essential for maximizing yield and quality. Here are three key tips for fertilizing daylilies effectively.
First, apply base fertilizer before planting. Since daylilies are perennial plants that take several years to mature, it's crucial to provide sufficient nutrients from the start. A common practice is to dig trenches 30 cm deep and fill them with organic matter such as 1,000–1,500 kg of well-rotted pig or cow manure per 667 m², along with 2,000–3,000 kg of compost or pond mud. Additionally, add more than 50 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer. Layer these materials into the trench and cover with topsoil. Before planting, you can also apply 1,500–2,000 kg of high-quality ash per 667 m². After planting, water the area with 100–200 kg of diluted human urine or 750–1,000 kg of diluted pig manure to provide an initial nutrient boost. This ensures a steady supply of nutrients throughout the growing season. It's important to ensure all organic material is fully decomposed and treated with a starter solution to sterilize and disinfect, helping prevent diseases and pests.
Second, apply fertilizers at key growth stages. The first application, known as "Miao Fei," should be done when the seedlings emerge in mid-February. At this stage, the plant focuses on leaf development, so a balanced mix of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is ideal. Use about 100–200 kg of human waste or 10 kg of calcium superphosphate plus 5–10 kg of potassium sulfate per 667 m². The second application, "Feifei," should occur when the calyx begins to differentiate and when flower buds start to form. Mix fermented human urine with cake fertilizer to promote bud development. Apply urea (12.5–15 kg), superphosphate (10–15 kg), and potassium sulfate (10–12.5 kg) per 667 m². The second dose should be larger to support reproductive growth. The third application, "Lei Fei," is a supplementary fertilizer applied about 10 days after the first harvest. Use 5–12.5 kg of urea per 667 m², and consider foliar sprays with solutions like 0.5–1% urea, 2% superphosphate, or 0.2–0.3% potassium chloride to maintain leaf health and increase bud formation.
Third, consider using biological bacterial fertilizers. These products contain beneficial microorganisms that help fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphorus, and release potassium. They also enrich the soil with organic matter, humic acid, and trace elements. When used alongside traditional fertilizers, they improve soil structure, reduce compaction, and enhance microbial activity. This not only reduces the need for chemical fertilizers but also promotes long-term soil health and sustainable production.
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