According to recent media reports, Amoi's lithium-ion battery model No. 4+3.7V1150mAh failed a thermal shock test at 150°C. Following an interview with Xia Xin, the reporter gathered more details about this incident and the broader context of battery testing standards in China.
The test was conducted under the GB/T 18287-2000 standard, which was introduced in 2000 for cellular lithium-ion batteries. At that time, mobile phones mainly used nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium batteries, so the testing procedures for lithium-ion batteries were largely adapted from those standards. One of the key clauses included a thermal shock test at 150°C for 30 minutes.
In recent years, as mobile phone functions have become more advanced, the demand for higher-capacity batteries has increased. The industry has gradually shifted toward using larger and longer-lasting lithium-ion batteries. However, no updated national standards have been issued for lithium-ion batteries, leading to ongoing debates over the appropriate thermal shock test temperature.
The original 150°C standard was set when lithium-ion batteries had much smaller capacities and lower energy densities. As battery sizes grew, many manufacturers found that the 150°C test became too harsh. In fact, large-capacity batteries exceeding 1000 mAh often only passed tests at 130°C, prompting industry discussions about revising the standard.
In 2003, the Ministry of Information Industry released YD1268-2003, which changed the thermal shock test temperature to 130°C, making it widely adopted in the mobile phone industry. A revised national standard proposed in 2005 by the General Administration of Quality Supervision also aimed to adopt 130°C, but its implementation was delayed. Internationally, standards like UL and CE also moved to 130°C around the same time.
Amoi clarified during the interview that their lithium-ion batteries are tested according to industry standards, including the 130°C thermal shock test. All models, including the No. 4+3.7V1150mAh, passed the test. These batteries are used in mobile phones customized for overseas markets, where quality is highly regarded.
Currently, both domestic and international manufacturers use 130°C as the standard for thermal shock testing. This has become the de facto industry norm in design, production, and quality control. The test involves heating the battery at a rate of 5°C/min to 150°C and holding it there for 30 minutes. The battery must not explode or catch fire. While this is a destructive test, it simulates extreme conditions that are unlikely to occur during normal use.
Most consumers will never encounter such high temperatures in daily use. Even 130°C is far beyond typical usage scenarios. Battery manufacturers usually include warnings on devices, advising users not to expose batteries to fire or high heat to prevent accidents.
In addition to the thermal shock test, other clauses in the 2000 version of the national standard have also sparked debate. With the introduction of a new national standard expected soon, the industry is looking forward to clearer guidelines and improved safety measures.
If you're interested in battery testing equipment, Dongguan Bell Test Equipment Co., Ltd. offers a wide range of solutions, including battery extrusion testers, impact testers, needle penetration testers, drop testers, thermal shock chambers, and more. Their products are trusted by many in the industry. For more information, contact them at 22673533.
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